How to format your references using the Intensive Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Intensive Care Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Moore P (2005) Amplifying the signal. Nature 435:236

A journal article with 2 authors

Kingston T, Rossiter SJ (2004) Harmonic-hopping in Wallacea’s bats. Nature 429:654–657

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang YV, Ni J, Montell C (2013) The molecular basis for attractive salt-taste coding in Drosophila. Science 340:1334–1338

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Chandra V, Huang P, Hamuro Y, et al (2008) Structure of the intact PPAR-gamma-RXR- nuclear receptor complex on DNA. Nature 456:350–356

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vassiliou P-CG (2013) Discrete-time Asset Pricing Models in Applied Stochastic Finance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA

An edited book

Strohschen GIE (2009) Handbook of Blended Shore Education: Adult Program Development and Delivery. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Mayer GS, Vrscay ER, Lauzon ML, et al (2008) Self-similarity of Images in the Fourier Domain, with Applications to MRI. In: Campilho A, Kamel M (eds) Image Analysis and Recognition: 5th International Conference, ICIAR 2008, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, June 25-27, 2008. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 43–52

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Intensive Care Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Researchers Produce The First Synthetic Gasoline From Plants. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/researchers-produce-first-synthetic-plant-gasoline/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Child Care and Early Childhood Education: More Information Sharing and Program Review by HHS Could Enhance Access for Families with Limited English Proficiency (Vietnamese Version). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bryant JD (2014) The Investigation of Self-Determination in Students Participating in Higher Education with an Invisible Disability. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Miller J (2016) The Modern’s Progress. New York Times BR15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Intensive Care Medicine
Abbreviation	Intensive Care Med.
ISSN (print)	0342-4642
ISSN (online)	1432-1238
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine

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