How to format your references using the Intensive Care Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Intensive Care Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Silverman EK (2012) Perspective: How can genetics help? Nature 489:S7

A journal article with 2 authors

Bongaarts J, Over M (2010) Public health. Global HIV/AIDS policy in transition. Science 328:1359–1360

A journal article with 3 authors

Matsumoto K, Suzuki W, Tanaka K (2003) Neuronal correlates of goal-based motor selection in the prefrontal cortex. Science 301:229–232

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Clancy DJ, Gems D, Harshman LG, et al (2001) Extension of life-span by loss of CHICO, a Drosophila insulin receptor substrate protein. Science 292:104–106

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Elliott CH, Smith LL (2010) Overcoming Anxiety for Dummies®. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Ayala JL, García-Cámara B, Prieto M, et al (2011) Integrated Circuit and System Design. Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization, and Simulation: 21st International Workshop, PATMOS 2011, Madrid, Spain, September 26-29, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Valent DJ, Chew EY (2016) AREDS Supplementation and the Progression Towards Exudative AMD. In: Stahl A (ed) Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Ophthalmology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 67–77

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Intensive Care Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew D (2016) 6 Surprising Downsides Of Being Extremely Intelligent. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/6-surprising-downsides-of-being-extremely-intelligent/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1994) Space Station: Update on the Impact of the Expanded Russian Role. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Payan Venegas R (2012) Factors associated with the lack of a regular health care provider for Latinos: Consequences and reasons. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dorman JL (2017) Crossing the River From ‘Midnight’ to Freedom. New York Times TR4

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Intensive Care Medicine
Abbreviation	Intensive Care Med.
ISSN (print)	0342-4642
ISSN (online)	1432-1238
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine

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