How to format your references using the Innovation and Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Innovation and Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, Paul. 2002. “Where Are All the Students?” Nature 420 (6913): 3.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zaret, Kenneth S., and Markus Grompe. 2008. “Generation and Regeneration of Cells of the Liver and Pancreas.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 322 (5907): 1490–1494.

A journal article with 3 authors

Saeed, Y., N. Singh, and U. Schwingenschlögl. 2014. “Superior Thermoelectric Response in the 3R Phases of Hydrated NaxRhO2.” Scientific Reports 4 (March): 4390.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Liang, Yongcheng, Jiong Yang, Xun Yuan, Wujie Qiu, Zheng Zhong, Jihui Yang, and Wenqing Zhang. 2014. “Polytypism in Superhard Transition-Metal Triborides.” Scientific Reports 4 (May): 5063.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Glisic, Savo. 2016. Advanced Wireless Networks. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Hefley, Bill, and Wendy Murphy, eds. 2008. Service Science, Management and Engineering Education for the 21st Century. Service Science: Research and Innovations in the Service Economy. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Chao, Tsung-Kai, Bing-Shiun Yang, Wing-Kwong Wong, and Sheng-Kai Yin. 2014. “Using an Android Smartphone for Robotic Image Recognition.” In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Technologies and Engineering Systems (ICITES2013), edited by Jengnan Juang, Cheng-Yi Chen, and Cheng-Fu Yang, 33–40. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Innovation and Development.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2017. “‘Middle Child Syndrome’ Isn’t What You Think — Here’s What It Really Means.” IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1986. Legislative Developments. 132007. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams, Christina Devin. 2013. “Playing the Hungarian Card: An Assessment of Radical Right Impact on Slovak and Hungarian Party Systems and Post-Communist Democratic Stability.” Doctoral dissertation, Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, Linda. 2008. “Justices Accept Question of Prosecutors as Lawyers or Managers.” New York Times, April 15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2002; Zaret and Grompe 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zaret and Grompe 2008)
Three authors: (Saeed, Singh, and Schwingenschlögl 2014)
4 or more authors: (Liang et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Innovation and Development
Abbreviation	Innov. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2157-930X
ISSN (online)	2157-9318
Scope	Development Education Geography, Planning and Development Sociology and Political Science Cultural Studies Political Science and International Relations