How to format your references using the Injury Epidemiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Injury Epidemiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goldemberg J. Ethanol for a sustainable energy future. Science. 2007 Feb 9;315(5813):808–10.

A journal article with 2 authors

Serebrov V, Pyle AM. Periodic cycles of RNA unwinding and pausing by hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase. Nature. 2004 Jul 22;430(6998):476–80.

A journal article with 3 authors

Eremtchenko M, Schaefer JA, Tautz FS. Understanding and tuning the epitaxy of large aromatic adsorbates by molecular design. Nature. 2003 Oct 9;425(6958):602–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kizhatil K, Baker SA, Arshavsky VY, Bennett V. Ankyrin-G promotes cyclic nucleotide-gated channel transport to rod photoreceptor sensory cilia. Science. 2009 Mar 20;323(5921):1614–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hackshaw A. How to Write a Grant Application. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.

An edited book

MacKenzie G, Peng D, editors. Statistical Modelling in Biostatistics and Bioinformatics: Selected Papers. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Venzke I. International Bureaucracies from a Political Science Perspective – Agency, Authority and International Institutional Law. In: Bogdandy A von, Wolfrum R, Bernstorff J von, Dann P, Goldmann M, editors. The Exercise of Public Authority by International Institutions: Advancing International Institutional Law. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 67–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Injury Epidemiology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Modified mRNA Lengthens Telomeres, Extending Longevity of Human Cells [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/modified-mrna-lengthens-telomeres-extending-life-human-cells/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Drug Education: Rural Programs Have Many Components and Most Rely Heavily on Federal Funds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992 Jan. Report No.: HRD-92-34.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Woodland RJ. Investigating the role of the mid-Atlantic inner continental shelf as a marine finfish nursery: A comparative approach [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW, de la MERCED MJ. Detroit Plan Is Said to Split Creditors Into 2 Groups. New York Times. 2014 Jan 31;A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Goldemberg 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Goldemberg 2007; Serebrov and Pyle 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Serebrov and Pyle 2004)
Three or more authors: (Kizhatil et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Injury Epidemiology
Abbreviation	Inj. Epidemiol.
ISSN (online)	2197-1714
Scope