How to format your references using the INFORMS Transactions on Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for INFORMS Transactions on Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bobbert PA (2014) Applied physics. Manipulating spin in organic spintronics. Science 345(6203):1450–1451.

A journal article with 2 authors

McConkey EH, Varki A (2005) Genomics. Thoughts on the future of great ape research. Science 309(5740):1499–1501.

A journal article with 3 authors

Marston JO, Riker PW, Thoroddsen ST (2014) Generation of ultra-sound during tape peeling. Sci. Rep. 4:4326.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Donnadieu Y, Goddéris Y, Ramstein G, Nédélec A, Meert J (2004) A “snowball Earth” climate triggered by continental break-up through changes in runoff. Nature 428(6980):303–306.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rowlinson M (2016) A Practical Guide to the NEC3 Engineering and Construction Contract (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK).

An edited book

Gheorghe AV, Masera M, Katina PF eds. (2014) Infranomics: Sustainability, Engineering Design and Governance (Springer International Publishing, Cham).

A chapter in an edited book

Sparks C (2016) Global Integration, State Policy and the Media. Flew T, Iosifidis P, Steemers J, eds. Global Media and National Policies: The Return of the State. (Palgrave Macmillan UK, London), 49–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for INFORMS Transactions on Education.

Blog post

Davis J (2015) Yawns Are Contagious In Budgies. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), .

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008) Telecommunications: Survey of State Regulatory Commissions (GAO-08-662SP, June 2008), an E-supplement to GAO-08-633 (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zhou Y (2010) Resource Management in Wireless Networks: Queue Management and Scheduling in Mesh Networks and Multi-Access Control in Internetworking Systems. Doctoral dissertation. (George Washington University, Washington, DC).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED MJ, Sorkin AR (2017) Sale of D.C. United Is Said to Be Considered. New York Times (July 31).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bobbert 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Bobbert 2014, McConkey and Varki 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (McConkey and Varki 2005)
Three or more authors: (Donnadieu et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	INFORMS Transactions on Education
ISSN (online)	1532-0545
Scope