How to format your references using the INFORMS Transactions on Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for INFORMS Transactions on Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ferrari R (2014) Oceanography: What goes down must come up. Nature 513(7517):179–180.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jørgensen HF, Fisher AG (2010) Can controversies be put to REST? Nature 467(7311):E3-4; discussion E5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wu MH, Wan LZ, Zhang YQ (2014) A novel sodium N-fatty acyl amino acid surfactant using silkworm pupae as stock material. Sci. Rep. 4:4428.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Larson DR, Zipfel WR, Williams RM, Clark SW, Bruchez MP, Wise FW, Webb WW (2003) Water-soluble quantum dots for multiphoton fluorescence imaging in vivo. Science 300(5624):1434–1436.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Franco P (2014) Understanding Bitcoin (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK).

An edited book

Sullivan RJ ed. (2015) BRAF Targets in Melanoma: Biological Mechanisms, Resistance, and Drug Discovery (Springer, New York, NY).

A chapter in an edited book

Wang JQ, Zhang CW, Fan GQ, Sun SD (2015) Heuristics for Non-dominated Sets of Two-Agent Scheduling on a Single Parallel-Batching Machine. Bajo J, Hallenborg K, Pawlewski P, Botti V, Sánchez-Pi N, Duque Méndez ND, Lopes F, Julian V, eds. Highlights of Practical Applications of Agents, Multi-Agent Systems, and Sustainability - The PAAMS Collection: International Workshops of PAAMS 2015, Salamanca, Spain, June 3-4, 2015. Proceedings. Communications in Computer and Information Science. (Springer International Publishing, Cham), 55–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for INFORMS Transactions on Education.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Paraplegic In “Ironman Suit” Will Take The First Kick In The 2014 World Cup. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), https://www.iflscience.com/technology/paraplegic-ironman-suit-will-take-first-kick-2014-world-cup/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1977) Vulnerabilities of Telecommunications Systems to Unauthorized Use (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McClinton BE (2010) Preparing for the third age: A retirement planning course outline for lifelong learning programs. Doctoral dissertation. (California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams J (2017) If They Don’t Believe You, Put It in Print. New York Times (September 24).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ferrari 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Ferrari 2014, Jørgensen and Fisher 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jørgensen and Fisher 2010)
Three or more authors: (Larson et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	INFORMS Transactions on Education
ISSN (online)	1532-0545
Scope