How to format your references using the INFORMS Transactions on Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for INFORMS Transactions on Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Johnson K (2002) Astronomy. Infant globular clusters. Science 297(5582):776–777.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hosten O, Kwiat P (2008) Observation of the spin hall effect of light via weak measurements. Science 319(5864):787–790.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tsiavaliaris G, Fujita-Becker S, Manstein DJ (2004) Molecular engineering of a backwards-moving myosin motor. Nature 427(6974):558–561.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Roche S, Rey FA, Gaudin Y, Bressanelli S (2007) Structure of the prefusion form of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G. Science 315(5813):843–848.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cohen C (2013) Business Intelligence (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ).

An edited book

Su FC, Wang SH, Yeh ML eds. (2015) 1st Global Conference on Biomedical Engineering & 9th Asian-Pacific Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering: October 9-12, 2014, Tainan, Taiwan (Springer International Publishing, Cham).

A chapter in an edited book

Yang Q, Su L, Li Q, Xu X (2005) Cooperative Target Localization Method for Heterogeneous Sensor Networks. Lu X, Zhao W, eds. Networking and Mobile Computing: Third International Conference, ICCNMC 2005, Zhangjiajie, China, August 2-4, 2005. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg), 13–22.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for INFORMS Transactions on Education.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Orphan Pygmy Marmoset Loves Being Brushed By A Toothbrush. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/deaf-orphan-marmoset-loves-toothbrush-massage1/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) VA Student Financial Aid: Actions Needed to Reduce Overlap in Approval Activities (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miramontes AJ (2017) Examining eye fixation patterns during the Situation Present Assessment Method (SPAM) under varying levels of workload. Doctoral dissertation. (California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2017) Fixing What Ain’t Broke? That’s Ruinous. New York Times (February 11).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Johnson 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Hosten and Kwiat 2008, Johnson 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hosten and Kwiat 2008)
Three or more authors: (Roche et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	INFORMS Transactions on Education
ISSN (online)	1532-0545
Scope