How to format your references using the Inflammation Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Inflammation Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gavrilets S. Rapid evolution of reproductive barriers driven by sexual conflict. Nature. 2000;403:886–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Maloy KJ, Powrie F. Intestinal homeostasis and its breakdown in inflammatory bowel disease. Nature. 2011;474:298–306.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Goes S, Capitanio FA, Morra G. Evidence of lower-mantle slab penetration phases in plate motions. Nature. 2008;451:981–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Ward BB, Devol AH, Rich JJ, Chang BX, Bulow SE, Naik H, et al. Denitrification as the dominant nitrogen loss process in the Arabian Sea. Nature. 2009;461:78–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Karlson B, Bria A, Lind J, Lönnqvist P, Norlin C. Wireless Foresight. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Wu C, Cohen A, editors. Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies: 10th International Symposium, APPT 2013, Stockholm, Sweden, August 27-28, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Mozolová D, Rovenský J, Sipeki T. From “Sine Syndrome” to Sjögren’s Syndrome. In: Rovenský J, Herold M, Vašáková M, editors. Sine Syndromes in Rheumatology. Vienna: Springer; 2014. p. 31–6.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Inflammation Research.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. We Now Sort Of Know Why SpaceX’s Rocket Exploded [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/we-now-sort-of-know-why-spacexs-rocket-exploded/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Highway Safety: Preliminary Observations on Efforts to Implement Changes in the Highway Safety Improvement Program Since SAFETEA-LU. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008 Jul. Report No.: GAO-08-1015T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Dammann NM. Living in the edge: Community based governance in the aquatic terrestrial zone [Doctoral dissertation]. [New York, NY]: Columbia University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. (nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: A Call For More Money To Fight Aids. New York Times. 2003 Mar 19;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Inflammation Research
Abbreviation	Inflamm. Res.
ISSN (print)	1023-3830
ISSN (online)	1420-908X
Scope	Immunology Pharmacology