How to format your references using the Infectious Diseases and Therapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Infectious Diseases and Therapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Fehr E. The productivity of failures. Nature. 2004;428:701.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Smith SA, Donoghue MJ. Rates of molecular evolution are linked to life history in flowering plants. Science. 2008;322:86–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Mashchenko S, Couchman HMP, Wadsley J. The removal of cusps from galaxy centres by stellar feedback in the early Universe. Nature. 2006;442:539–42.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Haller E, Gustavsson M, Mark MJ, Danzl JG, Hart R, Pupillo G, et al. Realization of an excited, strongly correlated quantum gas phase. Science. 2009;325:1224–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Glaser R. Symmetry, Spectroscopy, and Crystallography. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2015.

An edited book

1. Carl S. Nonsmooth Variational Problems and Their Inequalities: Comparison Principles and Applications. Khoi VL, Motreanu D, editors. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Hurlburt N, Cheung M, Schrijver C, Chang L, Freeland S, Green S, et al. Heliophysics Event Knowledgebase for the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and Beyond. In: Chamberlin P, Pesnell WD, Thompson B, editors. The Solar Dynamics Observatory. New York, NY: Springer US; 2012. p. 67–78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Infectious Diseases and Therapy.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Yep, That Viral Video Of A Shark Attacking A Porn Star Was Bullshit [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/yep-that-viral-video-of-a-shark-attacking-a-porn-star-was-bullshit/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Report on Evaluation of Lapsize Computers. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985 Jul. Report No.: 128117.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Vas LT. Orbis pictus: Intermedialität zwischen Berliner Stadtmalerei und literarischer Stadterfahrung dargestellt anhand der Werke von E.T.A. Hoffmann und Wilhelm Raabe [Doctoral dissertation]. [Cincinnati, OH]: University of Cincinnati; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Stewart JB. Case Study in Chaos: Management Experts Grade a Trump White House. New York Times. 2017 Feb 2;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Infectious Diseases and Therapy
Abbreviation	Infect. Dis. Ther.
ISSN (print)	2193-8229
ISSN (online)	2193-6382
Scope	Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)