How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gershon D (2002) Microarray technology: an array of opportunities. Nature 416:885–891

A journal article with 2 authors

Watrin E, Peters J-M (2007) Molecular biology. How and when the genome sticks together. Science 317:209–210

A journal article with 3 authors

Wolf SM, Annas GJ, Elias S (2013) Point-counterpoint. Patient autonomy and incidental findings in clinical genomics. Science 340:1049–1050

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Wang B, Matsuoka S, Ballif BA, et al (2007) Abraxas and RAP80 form a BRCA1 protein complex required for the DNA damage response. Science 316:1194–1198

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smith IM, Griffiths DV, Margetts L (2015) Programming the Finite Element Method. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Fioranelli M (2011) Cardiologia dello Sport: Diagnostica e clinica cardiovascolare. Springer, Milano

A chapter in an edited book

Pearce C, Artemesia (2010) The Diasporic Game Community: Trans-Ludic Cultures and Latitudinal Research Across Multiple Games and Virtual Worlds. In: Bainbridge WS (ed) Online Worlds: Convergence of the Real and the Virtual. Springer, London, pp 43–56

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.

Blog post

Andrews R (2016) Rare Antibody Found To Neutralize 98% Of All HIV Strains. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/rare-antibody-neutralize-98-hiv-strains/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1994) Committee on Governmental Affairs: Alleged Senate Compromise of NASA Complainant’s Identity. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cappell SD (2010) Systematic analysis of essential genes reveals new regulators of G protein signaling. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B (2016) Raynoma Singleton, Early Motown Force, Dies at 79. New York Times A30

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
Abbreviation	Indian J. Surg. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0975-7651
ISSN (online)	0976-6952
Scope	Oncology Surgery