How to format your references using the Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hakim AM (2014) Perspective: silent, but preventable, perils. Nature 510:S12

A journal article with 2 authors

McMichael AJ, Jones EY (2010) Genetics. First-class control of HIV-1. Science 330:1488–1490

A journal article with 3 authors

Kurtovic A, Widmer A, Dickson BJ (2007) A single class of olfactory neurons mediates behavioural responses to a Drosophila sex pheromone. Nature 446:542–546

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Theisen DJ, Davidson JT 4th, Briseño CG, et al (2018) WDFY4 is required for cross-presentation in response to viral and tumor antigens. Science 362:694–699

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Brodsky BS, Stanley B (2013) The Dialectical Behavior Therapy Primer. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Dosch W, Lee RY, Wu C (2006) Software Engineering Research and Applications: Second International Conference, SERA 2004, Los Angeles, CA, USA, MAY 5-7, 2004, Revised Selected Papers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Capano G, Regini M, Turri M (2016) From the Post-Second World War Period to the 1980 Modernization Law. In: Regini M, Turri M (eds) Changing Governance in Universities: Italian Higher Education in Comparative Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp 53–64

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Chile’s Calbuco Volcano Erupts Without Warning. What Can We Expect Next? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/chile-s-calbuco-volcano-erupts-without-warning-what-can-we-expect-next/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008) Airline Industry: Potential Mergers and Acquisitions Driven by Financial and Competitive Pressures. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Al Hashimi H (2017) Local Measurement and Characterization via Fluorescing Materials for Phase Change Heat Transfer Applications. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Poniewozik J (2017) The President Changes His Tone, if Not His Tune. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
Abbreviation	Indian J. Surg. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0975-7651
ISSN (online)	0976-6952
Scope	Oncology Surgery