How to format your references using the Immunologic Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Immunologic Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Reichstein M. Journal club. A biogeochemist looks at where all the emitted carbon dioxide is going. Nature. 2010;464:145.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Lazar MA, Birnbaum MJ. Physiology. De-meaning of metabolism. Science. 2012;336:1651–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Adams MD, McVey M, Sekelsky JJ. Drosophila BLM in double-strand break repair by synthesis-dependent strand annealing. Science. 2003;299:265–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kikkawa M, Sablin EP, Okada Y, Yajima H, Fletterick RJ, Hirokawa N. Switch-based mechanism of kinesin motors. Nature. 2001;411:439–45.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Pasternak H, Hoch H-U, Füg D. Stahltragwerke im Industriebau. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2010.

An edited book

1. Malgrange C. Symmetry and Physical Properties of Crystals. Ricolleau C, Schlenker M, editors. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Massey-Stokes M. Body Image and Eating Disturbances in Children and Adolescents. In: Robert-McComb JJ, Norman R, Zumwalt M, editors. The Active Female: Health Issues Throughout The Lifespan. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2008. p. 57–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Immunologic Research.

Blog post

1. Davis J. Missing “Galactic Dinosaurs” Found Hiding In Plain Sight [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/missing-galatic-dinosaurs-found-hiding-plain-sight/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. The Management and Operation of the Runaway Youth Program Administered by the Administration for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978 Mar. Report No.: 105325.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Zhao J. Contextual Differential Item Functioning: Examining the Validity of Teaching Self-Efficacy Instruments Using Hierarchical Generalized Linear Modeling [Doctoral dissertation]. [Columbus, OH]: Ohio State University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kenigsberg B. Imperfections. New York Times. 2017 Jul 27;C9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Immunologic Research
Abbreviation	Immunol. Res.
ISSN (print)	0257-277X
ISSN (online)	1559-0755
Scope	Immunology