How to format your references using the Immunologic Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Immunologic Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hochstrasser M. Origin and function of ubiquitin-like proteins. Nature. 2009;458:422–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Rivenbark AG, Strahl BD. Molecular biology. Unlocking cell fate. Science. 2007;318:403–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Takahashi T, Svoboda K, Malinow R. Experience strengthening transmission by driving AMPA receptors into synapses. Science. 2003;299:1585–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Schmidt-Kaler F, Häffner H, Riebe M, Gulde S, Lancaster GPT, Deuschle T, et al. Realization of the Cirac-Zoller controlled-NOT quantum gate. Nature. 2003;422:408–11.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Free ML. CBT and Christianity. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

1. Yee DA, editor. Ecology, Systematics, and the Natural History of Predaceous Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Abdel-Shafy HI, Guindi KA, Tawfik NS. Groundwater Contamination as Affected by Long-Term Sewage Irrigation in Egypt. In: Baz IA, Otterpohl R, Wendland C, editors. Efficient Management of Wastewater: Its Treatment and Reuse in Water-Scarce Countries. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 53–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Immunologic Research.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Rare Albino Dolphin Spotted Off Florida’s East Coast. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Serving the Congress and the Nation: Information Technology Information. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001 Mar. Report No.: GAO-01-413SP.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Cong M. Predictive models of cytotoxicity as mediated by exposure to environmental toxicants and drugs [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Branch J. A Coming-Home Party 40 Years in the Making. New York Times. 2015 Jun 7;SP8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Immunologic Research
Abbreviation	Immunol. Res.
ISSN (print)	0257-277X
ISSN (online)	1559-0755
Scope	Immunology