How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

N. Loder, “UK space strategy slammed as lacking funds and vision,” Nature, vol. 406, no. 6793, p. 222, Jul. 2000.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

W. Junge and N. Nelson, “Structural biology. Nature’s rotary electromotors,” Science, vol. 308, no. 5722, pp. 642–644, Apr. 2005.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

N. H. Yabuta, A. Sawatari, and E. M. Callaway, “Two functional channels from primary visual cortex to dorsal visual cortical areas,” Science, vol. 292, no. 5515, pp. 297–300, Apr. 2001.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P. Yu, Y. Yan, Q. Gu, and X. Wang, “Codon optimisation improves the expression of Trichoderma viride sp. endochitinase in Pichia pastoris,” Sci. Rep., vol. 3, p. 3043, Oct. 2013.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

C. S. Dixon, Protestants. Oxford, UK: wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

R. Laza, M. Schütt, and N. Yui, Eds., Arithmetic and Geometry of K3 Surfaces and Calabi–Yau Threefolds, vol. 67. in Fields Institute Communications, vol. 67. New York, NY: Springer, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. S. Goel and W. J. Stewart, “Key Clinical Findings,” in Cardiovascular Hemodynamics: An Introductory Guide, S. Anwaruddin, J. M. Martin, J. C. Stephens, and A. T. Askari, Eds., Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013, pp. 77–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “More evidence for the possibility of ancient life on Mars,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/space/more-evidence-possibility-ancient-life-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Fiscal Year 2013 Agreed-Upon Procedures: Excise Tax Distributions to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund and the Highway Trust Fund,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-14-162R, Dec. 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A. Ouyang, “Embryonic Stem Cell Culture in Fibrous Bed Bioreactor,” Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Greenhouse, “Court Rules Coach’s Violations Are Not a Form of Free Speech,” New York Times, p. D6, Jun. 22, 2007.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0018-9545
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering