How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

H. J. Melosh, “Asteroids. Traces of an unusual impact,” Science, vol. 296, no. 5570, pp. 1037–1038, May 2002.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R. A. Gross and B. Kalra, “Biodegradable polymers for the environment,” Science, vol. 297, no. 5582, pp. 803–807, Aug. 2002.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. B. Losos, T. W. Schoener, and D. A. Spiller, “Predator-induced behaviour shifts and natural selection in field-experimental lizard populations,” Nature, vol. 432, no. 7016, pp. 505–508, Nov. 2004.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J. V. Ryan et al., “Electronic connection to the interior of a mesoporous insulator with nanowires of crystalline RuO2,” Nature, vol. 406, no. 6792, pp. 169–172, Jul. 2000.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. H. Heines, First to File. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

P. O’Campo and J. R. Dunn, Eds., Rethinking Social Epidemiology: Towards a Science of Change. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. M. Stahl and D. A. Morrissette, “Should High Dose or Very Long-Term Antipsychotic Monotherapy Be Considered Before Antipsychotic Polypharmacy?,” in Polypharmacy in Psychiatry Practice, Volume I: Multiple Medication Use Strategies, M. S. Ritsner, Ed., Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013, pp. 107–125.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems.

Blog post

[1]

A. Carpineti, “This Is Your Chance To Help Scientists Discover Planet 9,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/space/this-is-your-chance-to-help-scientists-discover-planet-9/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “General Government Information Systems Issue Area: Active Assignments,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, AA-95-33(4), Oct. 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D. L. Lazor, “‘Festen’: A celebration (of the imagination!),” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Koblin and M. M. Grynbaum, “Top Political Journalist Faces Multiple Claims of Harassment,” New York Times, p. B3, Oct. 26, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst.
ISSN (print)	2162-237X
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Software