How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Multimedia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R. J. McNally, “Are we winning the war against posttraumatic stress disorder?,” Science, vol. 336, no. 6083, pp. 872–874, May 2012.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

H.-J. Koo and O. D. Velev, “Regenerable photovoltaic devices with a hydrogel-embedded microvascular network,” Sci. Rep., vol. 3, p. 2357, 2013.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

C. H. Choi, M. Hiromura, and A. Usheva, “Transcription factor IIB acetylates itself to regulate transcription,” Nature, vol. 424, no. 6951, pp. 965–969, Aug. 2003.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Barthelemy, P. Bordin, H. Berestycki, and M. Gribaudi, “Self-organization versus top-down planning in the evolution of a city,” Sci. Rep., vol. 3, p. 2153, 2013.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

F. G. Giesbrecht and M. L. Gumpertz, Planning, Construction, and Statistical Analysis of Comparative Experiments: Giesbrecht/Comparative Experiments. in Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

An edited book

[1]

O. Ramaré, Arithmetical Aspects of the Large Sieve Inequality. Gurgaon: Hindustan Book Agency, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

P. J. McSweeney, K. Mehrotra, and J. C. Oh, “A Force-Directed Layout for Community Detection with Automatic Clusterization,” in Simulating Interacting Agents and Social Phenomena: The Second World Congress, K. Takadama, C. Cioffi-Revilla, and G. Deffuant, Eds., Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2010, pp. 49–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

Blog post

[1]

T. Hale, “If We Don’t Cut Our Carbon Emissions, This Is What The World Will Look Like By 2100,” IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Electronic Government: Selection and Implementation of the Office of Management and Budget’s 24 Initiatives,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-03-229, Nov. 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J. B. Pettengill, “Elucidating the macro- and micro-evolutionary relationships of the federally listed endangered species Agalinis acuta (Orobanchaceae),” Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

K. Feeney, “Fresh Fare, Ready to Eat,” New York Times, p. NJ12, Oct. 05, 2008.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Multimedia
ISSN (print)	1520-9210
Scope	Computer Science Applications Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering Media Technology