How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. A. O’Gorman, “Contrasting responses of mean and extreme snowfall to climate change,” Nature, vol. 512, no. 7515, pp. 416–418, Aug. 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. R. Schnell and J. J. Chou, “Structure and mechanism of the M2 proton channel of influenza A virus,” Nature, vol. 451, no. 7178, pp. 591–595, Jan. 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

R. Fasel, M. Parschau, and K.-H. Ernst, “Amplification of chirality in two-dimensional enantiomorphous lattices,” Nature, vol. 439, no. 7075, pp. 449–452, Jan. 2006.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Tsukahara, A. Kobayashi, A. Kawabe, O. Mathieu, A. Miura, and T. Kakutani, “Bursts of retrotransposition reproduced in Arabidopsis,” Nature, vol. 461, no. 7262, pp. 423–426, Sep. 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. Jaitly, Practical Operational Due Diligence on Hedge Funds. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

F.-C. Su, S.-H. Wang, and M.-L. Yeh, Eds., 1st Global Conference on Biomedical Engineering & 9th Asian-Pacific Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering: October 9-12, 2014, Tainan, Taiwan, vol. 47. in IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

F. Boulier, C. Chen, F. Lemaire, and M. Moreno Maza, “Real Root Isolation of Regular Chains,” in Computer Mathematics: 9th Asian Symposium (ASCM2009), Fukuoka, December 2009, 10th Asian Symposium (ASCM2012), Beijing, October 2012, Contributed Papers and Invited Talks, R. Feng, W.-S. Lee, and Y. Sato, Eds., Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2014, pp. 33–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, “Watch A Man Play Guitar While Surgeons Remove Tumor From His Brain,” IFLScience, Jun. 05, 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/man-plays-guitar-while-surgeons-remove-tumors-his-brain/ (accessed Oct. 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Programs for Land-Grant Schools,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, HEHS-96-91R, Mar. 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

W. Martinez, “‘Straight Talk’ on preventing HIV program—a grant thesis project,” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Markoff, “Creating a Safer Phone Battery (This One Won’t Catch Fire),” New York Times, p. B1, Dec. 12, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1]–[4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0018-9294
Scope	Biomedical Engineering

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