How to format your references using the IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

C. M. Haynes, “Cell biology: Surviving import failure,” Nature, vol. 524, no. 7566, pp. 419–420, Aug. 2015.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

B. Fisher and R. Costanza, “Environmental policy: regional commitment to reducing emissions,” Nature, vol. 438, no. 7066, pp. 301–302, Nov. 2005.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J. C. McElwain, J. Wade-Murphy, and S. P. Hesselbo, “Changes in carbon dioxide during an oceanic anoxic event linked to intrusion into Gondwana coals,” Nature, vol. 435, no. 7041, pp. 479–482, May 2005.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Barluenga, K. N. Stölting, W. Salzburger, M. Muschick, and A. Meyer, “Sympatric speciation in Nicaraguan crater lake cichlid fish,” Nature, vol. 439, no. 7077, pp. 719–723, Feb. 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

I. Horton, Ivor Horton’s Beginning Visual C++® 2012. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.

An edited book

[1]

R. Ribes, A. Luna, P. R. Ros, and C. Catalano, Eds., Imaging diagnostico: 100 casi dalla pratica clinica. Milano: Springer, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

M. Conklin, “Project Entity Matching across FLOSS Repositories,” in Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation: IFIP Working Group 2.13 on Open Source Software, June 11–14, 2007, Limerick, Ireland, J. Feller, B. Fitzgerald, W. Scacchi, and A. Sillitti, Eds., in IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing. , Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007, pp. 45–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

Blog post

[1]

E. Andrew, “Who Really Benefits From The ‘Internet Space Race’?,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/space/who-really-benefits-internet-space-race/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Public Transportation: Better Data Needed to Assess Length of New Starts Process, and Options Exist to Expedite Project Development,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-09-784, Aug. 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D. P. Farrell, “Teachers’ Perceptions of How the Use of Peer Evaluation Could Improve Their Teaching Practice,” Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S. Dewan and J. Schwartz, “Comparing Harvey With Katrina,” New York Times, p. A9, Aug. 28, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Abbreviation	IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
ISSN (print)	1051-8223
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Condensed Matter Physics