How to format your references using the IEEE Intelligent Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Intelligent Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R. Baets, “Photonics: an ultra-small silicon laser,” Nature, vol. 498, no. 7455, pp. 447–448, Jun. 2013.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R. L. Modlin and P. A. Sieling, “Immunology. Now presenting: gammadelta T cells,” Science, vol. 309, no. 5732, pp. 252–253, Jul. 2005.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

C. M. Aitken, D. M. Jones, and S. R. Larter, “Anaerobic hydrocarbon biodegradation in deep subsurface oil reservoirs,” Nature, vol. 431, no. 7006, pp. 291–294, Sep. 2004.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

A. Biastoch, C. W. Böning, F. U. Schwarzkopf, and J. R. E. Lutjeharms, “Increase in Agulhas leakage due to poleward shift of Southern Hemisphere westerlies,” Nature, vol. 462, no. 7272, pp. 495–498, Nov. 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

F. R. Hampel, E. M. Ronchetti, P. J. Rousseeuw, and W. A. Stahel, Robust Statistics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

An edited book

[1]

J. P. H. Wilding, Ed., Pharmacotherapy of Obesity. in Milestones in Drug Therapy. Basel: Birkhäuser, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

T.-M. Ma, Y.-D. Lyuu, and Y.-W. Ti, “An Efficient Algorithm for Finding Long Conserved Regions Between Genes,” in Computational Life Sciences II: Second International Symposium, CompLife 2006, Cambridge, UK, September 27-29, 2006. Proceedings, M. R. Berthold, R. C. Glen, and I. Fischer, Eds., in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. , Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2006, pp. 42–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Intelligent Systems.

Blog post

[1]

K. Hamilton, “Pterosaurs Should Have Been Too Big To Fly – So How Did They Manage It?,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/pterosaurs-should-have-been-too-big-to-fly-so-how-did-they-manage-it/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Purchase and Preparation of Television Commercials by the Government,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, LCD-77-415, Mar. 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

G. Simsic, “Revisiting Addiction Using Depth Psychology: The Myth of Exodus as a Blueprint for Recovery,” Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

G. Vecsey, “U.S. Shares the Blame for Feeling Cheated,” New York Times, p. D2, Jun. 19, 2010.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Intelligent Systems
Abbreviation	IEEE Intell. Syst.
ISSN (print)	1541-1672
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Computer Networks and Communications