How to format your references using the IEEE Embedded Systems Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Embedded Systems Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J. Bloxham, “Sensitivity of the geomagnetic axial dipole to thermal core-mantle interactions,” Nature, vol. 405, no. 6782, pp. 63–65, May 2000.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

P. Duchek and P. Rørth, “Guidance of cell migration by EGF receptor signaling during Drosophila oogenesis,” Science, vol. 291, no. 5501, pp. 131–133, Jan. 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

S. W. Moore, N. Biais, and M. P. Sheetz, “Traction on immobilized netrin-1 is sufficient to reorient axons,” Science, vol. 325, no. 5937, p. 166, Jul. 2009.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. C. Warren et al., “Ordered mesoporous materials from metal nanoparticle-block copolymer self-assembly,” Science, vol. 320, no. 5884, pp. 1748–1752, Jun. 2008.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S. Goodhew, Sustainable Construction Processes. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016.

An edited book

[1]

W. Ketter, H. L. Poutré, N. Sadeh, O. Shehory, and W. Walsh, Eds., Agent-Mediated Electronic Commerce and Trading Agent Design and Analysis: AAMAS Workshop, AMEC 2008, Estoril, Portugal, May 12-16, 2008, and AAAI Workshop, TADA 2008, Chicago, IL, USA, July 14, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, vol. 44. in Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. S. Kalawate, “Microbial Viral Insecticides,” in Basic and Applied Aspects of Biopesticides, K. Sahayaraj, Ed., New Delhi: Springer India, 2014, pp. 47–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Embedded Systems Letters.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, “Neanderthal Diets Changed With Climate. Ours Didn’t,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/neanderthal-diets-changed-climate-ours-didnt/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Air Traffic Control: FAA Needs to Justify Further Investment in Its Oceanic Display System,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, IMTEC-92-80, Sep. 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

D. A. Drake, “Viscoelastic characterization of vapor-grown carbon nanofiber/vinyl ester nanocomposites using a response surface methodology,” Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Williams, “Faye Redux,” New York Times, p. BR4, Jan. 26, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Embedded Systems Letters
Abbreviation	IEEE Embed. Syst. Lett.
ISSN (print)	1943-0663
Scope	General Computer Science Control and Systems Engineering