How to format your references using the IEEE Embedded Systems Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IEEE Embedded Systems Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R. Eisenberg, “Chemistry. Rethinking water splitting,” Science, vol. 324, no. 5923, pp. 44–45, Apr. 2009.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

P. Renaud and P. Leong, “Chemistry. A light touch catalyzes asymmetric carbon-carbon bond formation,” Science, vol. 322, no. 5898, pp. 55–56, Oct. 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

U. K. Rössler, A. N. Bogdanov, and C. Pfleiderer, “Spontaneous skyrmion ground states in magnetic metals,” Nature, vol. 442, no. 7104, pp. 797–801, Aug. 2006.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

A. J. Giraldez et al., “Zebrafish MiR-430 promotes deadenylation and clearance of maternal mRNAs,” Science, vol. 312, no. 5770, pp. 75–79, Apr. 2006.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

M. Brown and T. J. Cutler, Haematology Nursing. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2012.

An edited book

[1]

C. Eisner, A Practical Introduction to PSL. in Series on Integrated Circuits and Systems. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D. L. Biate et al., “Genetic Diversity of Soybean Root Nodulating Bacteria,” in Bacterial Diversity in Sustainable Agriculture, D. K. Maheshwari, Ed., in Sustainable Development and Biodiversity. , Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014, pp. 131–145.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IEEE Embedded Systems Letters.

Blog post

[1]

D. Andrew, “King Coal Is Dethroned In The US – And That’s Good News For The Environment,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/king-coal-is-dethroned-in-the-us-and-thats-good-news-for-the-environment/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Transportation Security Administration: TSA Executive Attrition Has Declined, but Better Information Is Needed on Reasons for Leaving and Executive Hiring Process,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-10-139, Oct. 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A. Borogovac, “Novel method for superior detection of functional changes in CBF using arterial spin labeling fMRI,” Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University, New York, NY, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Cooper, “On Gun Ownership, and Attitudes, in America,” New York Times, p. A9, Jun. 22, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	IEEE Embedded Systems Letters
Abbreviation	IEEE Embed. Syst. Lett.
ISSN (print)	1943-0663
Scope	General Computer Science Control and Systems Engineering