How to format your references using the Hydrogeology Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hydrogeology Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kaplan WD (2015) MATERIALS SCIENCE. The mechanism of crystal deformation. Science 349:1059–1060

A journal article with 2 authors

Best RB, Hummer G (2009) Biochemistry. Unfolding the secrets of calmodulin. Science 323:593–594

A journal article with 3 authors

Srinivasan V, Pierik AJ, Lill R (2014) Crystal structures of nucleotide-free and glutathione-bound mitochondrial ABC transporter Atm1. Science 343:1137–1140

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Otsu T, Ando T, Takiguchi Y, et al (2014) Direct evidence for three-dimensional off-axis trapping with single Laguerre-Gaussian beam. Sci Rep 4:4579

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Neward T, Erickson AC, Crowell T, Minerich R (2010) Professional F# 2.0. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA

An edited book

Fegan J, Field MH (eds) (2009) Education Across Borders: Politics, Policy and Legislative Action. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Amorim F, Moseley PL (2010) Heat Shock Protein and Inflammation. In: Asea AAA, Pedersen BK (eds) Heat Shock Proteins and Whole Body Physiology. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 57–83

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hydrogeology Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Philae Lander Is Missing. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Highlights of a Forum: 3D Printing: Opportunities, Challenges, and Policy Implications of Additive Manufacturing. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mullin Piette AJ (2010) Dialogic encounters among health care providers in pediatric critical care: A qualitative, collective case study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rojas R, Mueller B (2015) Conflicting Accounts Emerge on What Set Off Deadly Violence at Upstate Church. New York Times A26

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kaplan 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Best and Hummer 2009; Kaplan 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Best and Hummer 2009)
Three or more authors: (Otsu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hydrogeology Journal
Abbreviation	Hydrogeol. J.
ISSN (print)	1431-2174
ISSN (online)	1435-0157
Scope	Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Water Science and Technology