How to format your references using the Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2004) Thinking big. Nature 428:873

A journal article with 2 authors

Casali A, Struhl G (2004) Reading the Hedgehog morphogen gradient by measuring the ratio of bound to unbound Patched protein. Nature 431:76–80

A journal article with 3 authors

Buffetaut E, Martill D, Escuillié F (2004) Pterosaurs as part of a spinosaur diet. Nature 430:33

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Oieroset M, Phan TD, Fujimoto M, et al (2001) In situ detection of collisionless reconnection in the Earth’s magnetotail. Nature 412:414–417

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chan NH (2010) Time Series: Applications to Finance with R and S-Plus®. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Atanelov L (levan) (2016) Resident’s Handbook of Medical Quality and Safety. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Tempesta T (2013) Landscape and Economy. In: Agnoletti M (ed) Italian Historical Rural Landscapes: Cultural Values for the Environment and Rural Development. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 153–164

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Watch What Happens When Chimpanzees See Their Reflection In A Mirror. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/all-these-chimpanzees-need-are-mirrors-get-party-started/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Training Programs: Information on Fiscal Years 1989 and 1990 Appropriations. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ellerbrook SL (2009) Exploring the efficiency and effectiveness of teacher selection tools: The effects on the total group with a focus on the gender sub-groups. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Herrman J (2016) Stage Craft. New York Times MM15

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences
ISSN (online)	2192-1962
Scope