How to format your references using the HPV citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for HPV. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ghahramani Z. Probabilistic machine learning and artificial intelligence. Nature. 2015 May 28;521(7553):452–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pashkin A, Leitenstorfer A. Physics. Particle physics in a superconductor. Science. 2014 Sep 5;345(6201):1121–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Catalli K, Shim SH, Prakapenka V. Thickness and Clapeyron slope of the post-perovskite boundary. Nature. 2009 Dec 10;462(7274):782–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Rottmann M, McNamara C, Yeung BKS, Lee MCS, Zou B, Russell B, et al. Spiroindolones, a potent compound class for the treatment of malaria. Science. 2010 Sep 3;329(5996):1175–80.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Vogel W, Kalb H. Large-Scale Solar Thermal Power. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2010.

An edited book

Apostolico A, Crochemore M, Park K, editors. Combinatorial Pattern Matching: 16th Annual Symposium, CPM 2005, Jeju Island, Korea, June 19-22, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 3537).

A chapter in an edited book

Aydın AO, Orgun MA. The Reactive-Causal Cognitive Agent Architecture. In: Wang Y, Zhang D, Kinsner W, editors. Advances in Cognitive Informatics and Cognitive Computing. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 71–103. (Kacprzyk J, editor. Studies in Computational Intelligence).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for HPV.

Blog post

Fang J. The Earth Hums - And Now We Know Why [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/deep-ocean-waves-trigger-tiny-seismic-activity-everywhere-earth/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Traffic Safety Programs: Progress, States’ Challenges, and Issues for Reauthorization. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008 Jul. Report No.: GAO-08-990T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Garcia M. College preparedness program for high school students in South Los Angeles, California: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M. Catching a Running Partner at the Trials,With a Chance to Pass. New York Times. 2012 Jun 28;B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ghahramani 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Pashkin and Leitenstorfer 2014; Ghahramani 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Pashkin and Leitenstorfer 2014)
Three or more authors: (Rottmann et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	HPV
ISSN (print)	2352-1716
Scope