How to format your references using the HortScience citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for HortScience. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lazar MA. 2000. Gene regulation. One man’s food. Nature. 407(6806):852–853.

A journal article with 2 authors

Olson P, Hanahan D. 2009. Cancer. Breaching the cancer fortress. Science. 324(5933):1400–1401.

A journal article with 3 authors

Maeda H, Norum DVL, Gallagher TF. 2005. Microwave manipulation of an atomic electron in a classical orbit. Science. 307(5716):1757–1760.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Rivière S, Challet L, Fluegge D, Spehr M, Rodriguez I. 2009. Formyl peptide receptor-like proteins are a novel family of vomeronasal chemosensors. Nature. 459(7246):574–577.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Williamson T. 2013. Identity and Discrimination. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK.

An edited book

Costa FF, Conran N (eds). 2016. Sickle Cell Anemia: From Basic Science to Clinical Practice. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Llamas J, Lerones PM, Zalama E, Gómez-García-Bermejo J. 2016. Applying Deep Learning Techniques to Cultural Heritage Images Within the INCEPTION Project, p 25–32. In: Ioannides M, Fink E, Moropoulou A, Hagedorn-Saupe M, Fresa A, Liestøl G, Rajcic V, Grussenmeyer P (eds). Digital Heritage. Progress in Cultural Heritage: Documentation, Preservation, and Protection: 6th International Conference, EuroMed 2016, Nicosia, Cyprus, October 31 – November 5, 2016, Proceedings, Part II. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for HortScience.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015. Watch Bill Gates Drink Water That Was Sewage 5 Minutes Before. IFLScience. [accessed 30 Oct 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2008. Air Traffic Control: FAA Uses Earned Value Techniques to Help Manage Information Technology Acquisitions, but Needs to Clarify Policy and Strengthen Oversight. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cubarrubia AP. 2009. Exploring the influence of external standards of institutional effectiveness on program assessment in student affairs (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM, Steel E. 2017. Fox News Fires Another Host, as Tough Headlines Keep the Staff Reeling. New York Times. B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lazar 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Lazar 2000; Olson and Hanahan 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Olson and Hanahan 2009)
Three or more authors: (Rivière et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	HortScience
ISSN (print)	0018-5345
ISSN (online)	2327-9834
Scope