How to format your references using the Hesperia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hesperia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Morgan, J. A. 2002. “Ecology. Looking beneath the Surface,” Science 298, pp. 1903–1904.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bond, A. B., and A. C. Kamil. 2002. “Visual Predators Select for Crypticity and Polymorphism in Virtual Prey,” Nature 415, pp. 609–613.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bajcsy, M., A. S. Zibrov, and M. D. Lukin. 2003. “Stationary Pulses of Light in an Atomic Medium,” Nature 426, pp. 638–641.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Pereira Morais, M. P., D. Marshall, S. E. Flower, C. J. Caunt, T. D. James, R. J. Williams, N. R. Waterfield, and J. M. H. van den Elsen. 2013. “Analysis of Protein Glycation Using Fluorescent Phenylboronate Gel Electrophoresis,” Sci. Rep. 3, p. 1437.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cooke, R. 2005. The History of Mathematics, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Almeida, R. M. S. F. 2015. School Buildings Rehabilitation: Indoor Environmental Quality and Enclosure Optimization, eds. V. P. de Freitas and J. M. P. Q. Delgado, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Stefanova, N. 2014. “Animal Models,” in Multiple System Atrophy, ed. G. K. Wenning and A. Fanciulli, Vienna, pp. 83–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hesperia.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015, August 17. “New Rules Say Unvaccinated Australian Kids Can’t Attend Kindergarten”https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/no-childcare-or-kindergarten-unvaccinated-australian-kids/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2011. “OPM Retirement Modernization: Longstanding Information Technology Management Weaknesses Need to Be Addressed.”

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dillon, M. 2014. “Active aging program for older adults with early stage dementia” (diss. California State University, Long Beach).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. 2016, October 1. “Battered but Persevering, Mets Reach the Threshold of the Postseason,” New York Times 2016, p. D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Hesperia
ISSN (print)	0018-098X
ISSN (online)	1553-5622
Scope