How to format your references using the Hesperia citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hesperia. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Biemann, K. 2006. “Astrochemistry: Complex Organic Matter in Titan’s Aerosols?,” Nature 444, pp. E6; disccussion E6-7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Churchman, L. S., and J. S. Weissman. 2011. “Nascent Transcript Sequencing Visualizes Transcription at Nucleotide Resolution,” Nature 469, pp. 368–373.

A journal article with 3 authors

Vignal, C., N. Mathevon, and S. Mottin. 2004. “Audience Drives Male Songbird Response to Partner’s Voice,” Nature 430, pp. 448–451.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ligi, M., E. Bonatti, A. Cipriani, and L. Ottolini. 2005. “Water-Rich Basalts at Mid-Ocean-Ridge Cold Spots,” Nature 434, pp. 66–69.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sab, K., and A. Lebée. 2015. Homogenization of Heterogeneous Thin and Thick Plates, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Zabar, S., E. Kachur, A. Kalet, and K. Hanley, eds. 2013. Objective Structured Clinical Examinations: 10 Steps to Planning and Implementing OSCEs and Other Standardized Patient Exercises, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Medrano, G., L. Beckmann, N. Zimmermann, T. Grundmann, T. Gries, and S. Leonhardt. 2007. “Bioimpedance Spectroscopy with Textile Electrodes for a Continuous Monitoring Application,” in 4th International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN 2007): March 26 – 28, 2007 RWTH Aachen University, Germany (IFMBE Proceedings), ed. S. Leonhardt, T. Falck, and P. Mähönen, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 23–28.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hesperia.

Blog post

Taub, B. 2016, October 11. “Exercise Massively Increases Life Expectancy Of Brain-Damaged Mice”https://www.iflscience.com/brain/exercise-massively-increases-life-expectancy-of-braindamaged-mice/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1988. “Civilian Agencies’ Management and Use of Aircraft.”

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robinson-Scott, D. 2010. “Policy analysis of the Chafee Foster Care Independence Act of 1999” (diss. California State University, Long Beach).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, B., M. L. B. Kelly, a Reporter For The, M. London, a. W. Lawyer, and are co-authors of the forthcoming book “‘Amazon.’” 1983, September 26. “BRAZIL’S MORTADELLA MAN,” New York Times 1983, p. A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Hesperia
ISSN (print)	0018-098X
ISSN (online)	1553-5622
Scope