How to format your references using the Heart Rhythm citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heart Rhythm. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kideys AE: Ecology. Fall and rise of the Black Sea ecosystem. Science 2002; 297:1482–1484.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sil S, Umapathy S: Raman spectroscopy explores molecular structural signatures of hidden materials in depth: Universal Multiple Angle Raman Spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5308.

A journal article with 3 authors

Ting JPY, Duncan JA, Lei Y: How the noninflammasome NLRs function in the innate immune system. Science 2010; 327:286–290.

A journal article with 13 or more authors

Xiao S, Liu D, Wang Y, Yang Z, Chen W: Temporal variation of methane flux from Xiangxi Bay of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2500.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Courant R, McShane EJ: Differential and Integral Calculus. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1988,.

An edited book

Rook GAW, editor: The Hygiene Hypothesis and Darwinian Medicine. Basel: Birkhäuser, 2009,.

A chapter in an edited book

Fiegl M: Therapeutic management of acute myeloid leukemia. In Hiddemann W, ed: Handbook of Acute Leukemia. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 41–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heart Rhythm.

Blog post

Andrew D: King Coal Is Dethroned In The US – And That’s Good News For The Environment [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience, 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30],. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/king-coal-is-dethroned-in-the-us-and-thats-good-news-for-the-environment/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Department of Labor’s Past and Future Role in Offender Rehabilitation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975 Aug. Report No.: MWD-75-91.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Seyed Jalali Aghdam SM: Silica aerogel, an alternative to micromachined air gap for thermal insulation of microheaters [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana, 2015,.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S: Russian Writer, Facing Charges, Warns Free Expression Is at Risk. New York Times 2002 Jul 16;A7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Heart Rhythm
Abbreviation	Heart Rhythm
ISSN (print)	1547-5271
ISSN (online)	1556-3871
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Physiology (medical)