How to format your references using the Heart, Lung and Circulation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heart, Lung and Circulation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

James RD. Materials science: Magnetic alloys break the rules. Nature 2015;521:298–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Poinar GO Jr, Danforth BN. A fossil bee from Early Cretaceous Burmese amber. Science 2006;314:614.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Szemenyei H, Hannon M, Long JA. TOPLESS mediates auxin-dependent transcriptional repression during Arabidopsis embryogenesis. Science 2008;319:1384–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Marsh AG, Mullineaux LS, Young CM, Manahan DT. Larval dispersal potential of the tubeworm Riftia pachyptila at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Nature 2001;411:77–80.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ghaye T. Building the Reflective Healthcare Organisation. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Leitner S, Wall F, editors. Artificial Economics and Self Organization: Agent-Based Approaches to Economics and Social Systems. vol. 669. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Pashiardis P, Georgiou M, Georghiou M. Cyprus. In: Scheerens J, editor. Informal Learning of Active Citizenship at School: An International Comparative Study in Seven European Countries, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009, p. 51–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heart, Lung and Circulation.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. The unprecedented chin size of an ancient porpoise. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/unprecedented-chin-size-ancient-porpoise/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. NASA: Assessments of Selected Large-Scale Projects. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Kong C. Formal Methods Applied to the Specification of an Active Network Node. Doctoral dissertation. University of Cincinnati, 2001.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly C. Vape Shops Fear Effects Of New F.D.A. Rules. New York Times 2017:B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heart, Lung and Circulation
Abbreviation	Heart Lung Circ.
ISSN (print)	1443-9506
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine