How to format your references using the Heart, Lung and Circulation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heart, Lung and Circulation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Versteeg R. Cancer: Tumours outside the mutation box. Nature 2014;506:438–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Scheuring S, Sturgis JN. Chromatic adaptation of photosynthetic membranes. Science 2005;309:484–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Nieder A, Freedman DJ, Miller EK. Representation of the quantity of visual items in the primate prefrontal cortex. Science 2002;297:1708–11.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Brinkmann V, Reichard U, Goosmann C, Fauler B, Uhlemann Y, Weiss DS, et al. Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria. Science 2004;303:1532–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Nordenström J. The Hunt for the Parathyroids. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Peris-Ortiz M, Del Río Rama M de la C, Rueda-Armengot C, editors. Wine and Tourism: A Strategic Segment for Sustainable Economic Development. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Duguet E, Treguer-Delapierre M, Delville M-H. Functionalised Inorganic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. In: Boisseau P, Houdy P, Lahmani M, editors. Nanoscience: Nanobiotechnology and Nanobiology, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009, p. 129–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heart, Lung and Circulation.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Fossil Clue Found To Epic Ancient Battle Between Huge Predators. IFLScience 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority: Improved Planning of Future Rehabilitation Projects Could Prevent Limitations Identified with SafeTrack. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2017.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Whitbeck DC. Mapping of Sonoran Desert vegetation communities of San Cristobal Valley and southern Sentinel Plains, Barry M. Goldwater Range and variables influencing route proliferation in the Barry M. Goldwater Range’s San Cristobal Valley. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kelly C. Austin Brothers Fill Idiosyncratic Niche at Sundance. New York Times 2012:A27B.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heart, Lung and Circulation
Abbreviation	Heart Lung Circ.
ISSN (print)	1443-9506
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine