How to format your references using the Heart Failure Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Heart Failure Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Harmon L (2010) Journal club. An evolutionary biologist ponders the pace of evolution. Nature 463:1003

A journal article with 2 authors

Clarke A, Kapustin V (2010) Hemispheric aerosol vertical profiles: anthropogenic impacts on optical depth and cloud nuclei. Science 329:1488–1492

A journal article with 3 authors

Farnan I, Cho H, Weber WJ (2007) Quantification of actinide alpha-radiation damage in minerals and ceramics. Nature 445:190–193

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Enache DI, Edwards JK, Landon P, et al (2006) Solvent-free oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes using Au-Pd/TiO2 catalysts. Science 311:362–365

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Çayirci E, Rong C (2009) Security in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Deng W (2012) Future Control and Automation: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Future Control and Automation (ICFCA 2012) - Volume 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Robinson P (2012) Individual Differences, Aptitude Complexes, SLA Processes, and Aptitude Test Development. In: Pawlak M (ed) New Perspectives on Individual Differences in Language Learning and Teaching. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 57–75

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Heart Failure Reviews.

Blog post

Evans K (2017) New Zealand’s Yellow-Eyed Penguins Could Be Extinct In Just 25 years. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1996) NOAA Satellites. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Huff HK (2013) Thumb Twiddle Glossolalia: The Soumage. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2005) Two Students Honored for Scientific Projects. New York Times 14LI8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Heart Failure Reviews
Abbreviation	Heart Fail. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1382-4147
ISSN (online)	1573-7322
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine