How to format your references using the Hearing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hearing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gibson, J.M., 2009. Materials science. Viewing the seeds of crystallization. Science 326, 942–943.

A journal article with 2 authors

Li, W., Chetelat, R.T., 2010. A pollen factor linking inter- and intraspecific pollen rejection in tomato. Science 330, 1827–1830.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee, Y.K., Lee, H., Park, J.Y., 2014. Tandem-structured, hot electron based photovoltaic cell with double Schottky barriers. Sci. Rep. 4, 4580.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Heil, M., Greiner, S., Meimberg, H., Krüger, R., Noyer, J.-L., Heubl, G., Linsenmair, K.E., Boland, W., 2004. Evolutionary change from induced to constitutive expression of an indirect plant resistance. Nature 430, 205–208.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lévy, P., 2013. The Semantic Sphere 1. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Strominger, N.L., 2012. Noback’s Human Nervous System, Seventh Edition: Structure and Function, 7th ed. 2012. ed. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ.

A chapter in an edited book

Lucas, J.C., Schroeder, D., Chennells, R., Chaturvedi, S., Feinholz, D., 2013. Sharing Traditional Knowledge: Who benefits? Cases from India, Nigeria, Mexico and South Africa, in: Schroeder, D., Cook Lucas, J. (Eds.), Benefit Sharing: From Biodiversity to Human Genetics. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 65–93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hearing Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Vitamin Supplement Prevents Noise-Induced Hearing Loss In Mice [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2004. Transportation Security R&D: TSA and DHS Are Researching and Developing Technologies, but Need to Improve R&D Management (No. GAO-04-890). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yobby, J., 2017. Application of Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Thermodynamic Fluids Designs (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart, J.B., 2016. Clinton Plan for Taxes Is Expansive but Complex. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gibson, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Gibson, 2009; Li and Chetelat, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Li and Chetelat, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Heil et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Hearing Research
Abbreviation	Hear. Res.
ISSN (print)	0378-5955
Scope	Sensory Systems