How to format your references using the Health Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Health Physics (HPS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Wrapped in red tape. Nature 423:783; 2003.

A journal article with 2 authors

Harris KD, Mrsic-Flogel TD. Cortical connectivity and sensory coding. Nature 503:51–58; 2013.

A journal article with 3 authors

Knudson MD, Desjarlais MP, Dolan DH. Shock-wave exploration of the high-pressure phases of carbon. Science 322:1822–1825; 2008.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Noginov MA, Zhu G, Belgrave AM, Bakker R, Shalaev VM, Narimanov EE, Stout S, Herz E, Suteewong T, Wiesner U. Demonstration of a spaser-based nanolaser. Nature 460:1110–1112; 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Strohfeldt KA. Essentials of Inorganic Chemistry. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Ballen K (ed). Umbilical Cord Blood Banking and Transplantation. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Haines AJ, Dimitrova LL, Wallace LM, Williams CA. 1-Dimensional Synthetic Examples. In: Dimitrova LL, Wallace LM, and Williams CA, eds. Enhanced Surface Imaging of Crustal Deformation: Obtaining Tectonic Force Fields Using GPS Data. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015:45–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Health Physics.

Blog post

Hale T. Scientists Hypnotize Baby Sea Turtles For Science. IFLScience; 2016. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-hypnotize-baby-sea-turtles-science/. Accessed 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Prekindergarten: Four Selected States Expanded Access by Relying on Schools and Existing Providers of Early Education and Care to Provide Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; No. GAO-04-852; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eaglen Bertrando SL. Rethinking Workplace Learning in the Digital World: A Case Study of Open Badges. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Austen B. Violence and Division on Chicago’s South Side. New York Times SR5; 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2003; Harris and Mrsic-Flogel 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Harris and Mrsic-Flogel 2013)
Three or more authors: (Noginov et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Health Physics
ISSN (print)	0017-9078
ISSN (online)	1538-5159
Scope