How to format your references using the Handbook of Clinical Neurology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Handbook of Clinical Neurology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gavaghan, H., 2001. Tips for sequence centre job-seekers. Nature 409, 964.

A journal article with 2 authors

Burlini, L., Di Toro, G., 2008. Geophysics. Volcanic symphony in the lab. Science 322, 207–208.

A journal article with 3 authors

Blake, R.E., Chang, S.J., Lepland, A., 2010. Phosphate oxygen isotopic evidence for a temperate and biologically active Archaean ocean. Nature 464, 1029–1032.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hao, C., Liu, Y., Chen, X., et al., 2014. Electrowetting on liquid-infused film (EWOLF): complete reversibility and controlled droplet oscillation suppression for fast optical imaging. Sci. Rep. 4, 6846.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Krause, T.R., 2005. Leading with Safety. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Rivera, J. de (Ed.), 2009. Handbook on Building Cultures of Peace, Peace Psychology Book Series. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Macalister, J., 2016. Adapting and Adopting Materials, in: Azarnoosh, M., Zeraatpishe, M., Faravani, A., et al. (Eds.), Issues in Materials Development. SensePublishers, Rotterdam, pp. 57–64.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Handbook of Clinical Neurology.

Blog post

Hamilton, K., 2016. Small Tropical Islands Could Become The World’s First 100% Renewable Nations [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/small-tropical-islands-could-become-the-worlds-first-100--renewable-nations/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. The Lummi Indian School of Aquaculture (No. HRD-77-108). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Byrd, M.L., 2012. Investigating an Afterschool Program for Black Teenage Males Designed to Increase Self-Efficacy (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Corkery, M., 2017. Business Leaders Urge Trump to Keep Shield in Place. New York Times A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gavaghan, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Burlini and Di Toro, 2008; Gavaghan, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Burlini and Di Toro, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Hao et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Handbook of Clinical Neurology
ISSN (print)	0072-9752
Scope