How to format your references using the Applied Health Economics and Health Policy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Health Economics and Health Policy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Albarède F. Rogue mantle helium and neon. Science. 2008;319:943–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Rauschenberger R, Yantis S. Masking unveils pre-amodal completion representation in visual search. Nature. 2001;410:369–72.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Visser K, Thunell R, Stott L. Magnitude and timing of temperature change in the Indo-Pacific warm pool during deglaciation. Nature. 2003;421:152–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Joshi B, Barman I, Dingari NC, Cardenas N, Soares JS, Dasari RR, et al. Label-free route to rapid, nanoscale characterization of cellular structure and dynamics through opaque media. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2822.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Bauer E, Adams R, Eustace D. Beyond Redundancy. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

1. Haltinner K, Sarathchandra D, Alves-Foss J, Chang K, Conte de Leon D, Song J, editors. Cyber Security: Second International Symposium, CSS 2015, Coeur d’Alene, ID, USA, April 7-8, 2015, Revised Selected Papers. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kasper AC, Juchneski NC de F, Veit HM. Mechanical Processing. In: Veit HM, Moura Bernardes A, editors. Electronic Waste: Recycling Techniques. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 19–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Health Economics and Health Policy.

Blog post

1. Davis J. Glacier National Park Will Soon Have No Glaciers [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/glacier-national-park-will-soon-have-no-glaciers/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Business Process Reengineering Assessment Guide--Version 3. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997 Apr. Report No.: AIMD-10.1.15.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Davidson JM. Transitional age youth—a program expansion to enhance existing services in Sonoma County: A grant-writing project [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Schmidt MS. Trump Appealed to Comey to Halt Inquiry Into Aide. New York Times. 2017 May 16;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Health Economics and Health Policy
Abbreviation	Appl. Health Econ. Health Policy
ISSN (print)	1175-5652
ISSN (online)	1179-1896
Scope	Economics and Econometrics General Medicine Health Policy