How to format your references using the Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stehfest E. Diet: Food choices for health and planet. Nature. 2014 Nov;515(7528):501–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Davidson K, Humphreys RM. The Great Eruption of η Carinae. Nature. 2012 Jun;486(7403):E1; discussion E1-2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Johnson SC, Rabinovitch PS, Kaeberlein M. mTOR is a key modulator of ageing and age-related disease. Nature. 2013 Jan;493(7432):338–45.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sahin E, Colla S, Liesa M, Moslehi J, Müller FL, Guo M, et al. Telomere dysfunction induces metabolic and mitochondrial compromise. Nature. 2011 Feb;470(7334):359–65.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Staebler P. Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2017.

An edited book

Zhang H. Recursive Partitioning and Applications. Second. New York, NY: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Batura O, Evas T. Information Society Goes East: ICT Policy in the EU’s Eastern Partnership Cooperation Framework. In: Kerikmäe T, Chochia A, editors. Political and Legal Perspectives of the EU Eastern Partnership Policy. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016; pp 39–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. This May Be The First Failed Supernova We’ve Ever Found [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 May [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/this-may-be-the-first-failed-supernova-weve-ever-found/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Progress and Challenges Associated with the Transformation of the National Airspace System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miles CS. Elicitation of a Program’s Behaviors. 2015

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Casey N. Rebel Group in Colombia Enters Talks. New York Times. 2016 Mar;A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
Abbreviation	Gynecol. Obstet. Invest.
ISSN (print)	0378-7346
ISSN (online)	1423-002X
Scope	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Reproductive Medicine