How to format your references using the Gut citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gut. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kolaja K. Drug discovery: computer model predicts side effects. Nature. 2012;486:326–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vollrath F, Knight DP. Liquid crystalline spinning of spider silk. Nature. 2001;410:541–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Verma T, Araújo NAM, Herrmann HJ. Revealing the structure of the world airline network. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5638.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Foth BJ, Ralph SA, Tonkin CJ, et al. Dissecting apicoplast targeting in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Science. 2003;299:705–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Anderson JB. Bandwidth Efficient Coding. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2017.

An edited book

Mattei P. Secular Institutions, Islam and Education Policy: France and the U.S. in Comparative Perspective. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Malinow R, Hsieh H, Wei W. Impact of Beta Amyloid on Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity. In: Selkoe DJ, Triller A, Christen Y, eds. Synaptic Plasticity and the Mechanism of Alzheimer’s Disease. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer 2008:63–8.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gut.

Blog post

Carpineti C. Check Out The Totally Incredible Moment A Whale Shark Swam Past Divers. IFLScience. 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/check-out-the-totally-incredible-moment-a-whale-shark-swam-past-divers/ (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Trucking Transportation: Information on Handling of Undercharge Claims. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brecese JA. Out of Our Depth: Hyper-Extensionality and the Return of Three-Dimensional Media. 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cowley S, Corkery M. After Scandal, Wells Fargo’s Board Faces a Contentious Re-election Vote. New York Times. 2017;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gut
Abbreviation	Gut
ISSN (print)	0017-5749
ISSN (online)	1468-3288
Scope	Gastroenterology