How to format your references using the Groundwater for Sustainable Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Groundwater for Sustainable Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Leggett, A.J., 2005. The quantum measurement problem. Science 307, 871–872.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mossel, E., Vigoda, E., 2005. Phylogenetic MCMC algorithms are misleading on mixtures of trees. Science 309, 2207–2209.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dragert, G., Wang, K., James, T.S., 2001. A silent slip event on the deeper Cascadia subduction interface. Science 292, 1525–1528.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Seki, A., Coppinger, J.A., Jang, C.-Y., Yates, J.R., Fang, G., 2008. Bora and the kinase Aurora a cooperatively activate the kinase Plk1 and control mitotic entry. Science 320, 1655–1658.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety, 2011. Recognizing Catastrophic Incident Warning Signs in the Process Industries. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Schnug, E., De Kok, L.J. (Eds.), 2016. Phosphorus in Agriculture: 100 % Zero. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Fritzsche, B., Kirstein, B., Mädler, C., 2012. On a Special Parametrization of Matricial α-Stieltjes One-sided Non-negative Definite Sequences, in: Alpay, D., Kirstein, B. (Eds.), Interpolation, Schur Functions and Moment Problems II. Springer, Basel, pp. 211–250.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Groundwater for Sustainable Development.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2016. Uranus May Have Two More Undiscovered Moons [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/uranus-may-have-two-more-undiscovered-moons/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2005. Internet Protocol Version 6: Federal Agencies Need to Plan for Transition and Manage Security Risks (No. GAO-05-845T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richardson, M.M., 2013. Challenging the South’s black-white binary: Haliwa-Saponi Indians and political autonomy (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Corkery, M., de la MERCED, M.J., 2017. Nordstrom Family to Consider Ways of Taking Chain Private. New York Times B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Leggett, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Leggett, 2005; Mossel and Vigoda, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mossel and Vigoda, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Seki et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Groundwater for Sustainable Development
Abbreviation	Groundw. Sustain. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2352-801X
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology Geography, Planning and Development

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