How to format your references using the Groundwater for Sustainable Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Groundwater for Sustainable Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P., 2005. Postdocs, mentor thyselves. Nature 434, 415.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bermingham, E., Dick, C., 2001. Ecology and evolution. The Inga--newcomer or museum antiquity? Science 293, 2214–2216.

A journal article with 3 authors

Freeman, C., Ostle, N., Kang, H., 2001. An enzymic “latch” on a global carbon store. Nature 409, 149.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhao, Z., Chen, Y.-A., Zhang, A.-N., Yang, T., Briegel, H.J., Pan, J.-W., 2004. Experimental demonstration of five-photon entanglement and open-destination teleportation. Nature 430, 54–58.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Barron, E.N., 2013. Game Theory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Leszczynski, J., Shukla, M.K. (Eds.), 2014. Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry III. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Roper, S.D., 2014. TRPs in Taste and Chemesthesis, in: Nilius, B., Flockerzi, V. (Eds.), Mammalian Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Cation Channels: Volume II, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 827–871.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Groundwater for Sustainable Development.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2017. 83 Percent Of Us Will Suffer From A Mental Disorder, According To Study [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. Spectrum Management: Federal Relocation Costs and Auction Revenues (No. GAO-13-472). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kaminsky, E., 2006. Schumann’s Op. 14: Original, Revised and Edited (“Concerto without Orchestra” versus Piano Sonata No. 3) (Doctoral dissertation). University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rojas, R., Walsh, M.W., 2017. Hartford, With Finances in Disarray, Veers Toward Bankruptcy. New York Times A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Bermingham and Dick, 2001; Smaglik, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bermingham and Dick, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Zhao et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Groundwater for Sustainable Development
Abbreviation	Groundw. Sustain. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2352-801X
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology Geography, Planning and Development