How to format your references using the Groundwater for Sustainable Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Groundwater for Sustainable Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Romani, R.W., 2014. Astronomy. Pulsar beams--big and bright. Science 344, 159–160.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yasunaga, M., Matsumura, Y., 2014. Role of SLC6A6 in promoting the survival and multidrug resistance of colorectal cancer. Sci. Rep. 4, 4852.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chen, C., Bobisch, C.A., Ho, W., 2009. Visualization of Fermi’s golden rule through imaging of light emission from atomic silver chains. Science 325, 981–985.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Norell, M., Ji, Q., Gao, K., Yuan, C., Zhao, Y., Wang, L., 2002. Palaeontology: “modern” feathers on a non-avian dinosaur. Nature 416, 36–37.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety, 2010. A Practical Approach to Hazard Identification for Operations and Maintenance Workers. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Pedrozo Pupo, J.C. (Ed.), 2013. Learning Chest Imaging, Learning Imaging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Guo, Z., Lamb, S., 2010. A Review of Current Practice in China, in: Lamb, S. (Ed.), International Comparisons of China’s Technical and Vocational Education and Training System, Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Issues, Concerns and Prospects. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 55–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Groundwater for Sustainable Development.

Blog post

Andrew, D., 2016. Why Frequent Dieting Makes You Put On Weight – And What To Do About It [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-frequent-dieting-makes-you-put-on-weight-and-what-to-do-about-it/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1982. Recommendation Regarding Backpay Claim by Teacher of Overseas Dependents Schools (No. B-156439(JAB)). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Witvorapong, N., 2011. The Dynamics of Living Arrangements Among the Elderly (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rich, N., 2014. The New Origin of the Species. New York Times MM24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Romani, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Romani, 2014; Yasunaga and Matsumura, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yasunaga and Matsumura, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Norell et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Groundwater for Sustainable Development
Abbreviation	Groundw. Sustain. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2352-801X
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology Geography, Planning and Development