How to format your references using the Groundwater for Sustainable Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Groundwater for Sustainable Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lippard, S.J., 2002. Chemical synthesis: the art of chemistry. Nature 416, 587.

A journal article with 2 authors

Diao, A., Lowe, M., 2004. Cell biology. The Golgi goes fission. Science 305, 48–49.

A journal article with 3 authors

Verbeeck, J., Tian, H., Schattschneider, P., 2010. Production and application of electron vortex beams. Nature 467, 301–304.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kaspi, Y., Galanti, E., Hubbard, W.B., Stevenson, D.J., Bolton, S.J., Iess, L., Guillot, T., Bloxham, J., Connerney, J.E.P., Cao, H., Durante, D., Folkner, W.M., Helled, R., Ingersoll, A.P., Levin, S.M., Lunine, J.I., Miguel, Y., Militzer, B., Parisi, M., Wahl, S.M., 2018. Jupiter’s atmospheric jet streams extend thousands of kilometres deep. Nature 555, 223–226.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Malamed, C., 2015. Visual Design Solutions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Fiandaca, G. (Ed.), 2007. Women and the Mafia, STUDIES IN ORGANIZED CRIME. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

von der Malsburg, C., 2014. Physics and Our Intuitive Outlook on Time, in: Albeverio, S., Blanchard, P. (Eds.), Direction of Time. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 35–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Groundwater for Sustainable Development.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2016. Natural Disasters Spark Civil Wars [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1971. Need To Remove More Low-Cost, Low-Usage Items From Inventories (No. B-133118). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Allen, S.D., 2014. Putting out fires: How communication professionals understand and practice conflict resolution (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Solomon, B.C., Villamor, F., 2017. In a City of Ruins, the Philippines’ Fierce Battle With ISIS Rages On. New York Times A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lippard, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Diao and Lowe, 2004; Lippard, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Diao and Lowe, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Kaspi et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Groundwater for Sustainable Development
Abbreviation	Groundw. Sustain. Dev.
ISSN (print)	2352-801X
Scope	Environmental Chemistry Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology Geography, Planning and Development