How to format your references using the Graphical Models citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Graphical Models. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Militzer, Materials science. A synchrotron look at steel, Science 298 (2002) 975–976.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C.M. Gourlay, A.K. Dahle, Dilatant shear bands in solidifying metals, Nature 445 (2007) 70–73.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

V. Thammavongsa, D.M. Missiakas, O. Schneewind, Staphylococcus aureus degrades neutrophil extracellular traps to promote immune cell death, Science 342 (2013) 863–866.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J.I. Garaycoechea, G.P. Crossan, F. Langevin, L. Mulderrig, S. Louzada, F. Yang, G. Guilbaud, N. Park, S. Roerink, S. Nik-Zainal, M.R. Stratton, K.J. Patel, Alcohol and endogenous aldehydes damage chromosomes and mutate stem cells, Nature 553 (2018) 171–177.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

K. Idelberger, The World of Footbridges, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

M. Marraffa, The Self and its Defenses: From Psychodynamics to Cognitive Science, Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Y.S. Rao, R. Dutta, Decentralized Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme with Fast Decryption, in: B.D. Decker, J. Dittmann, C. Kraetzer, C. Vielhauer (Eds.), Communications and Multimedia Security: 14th IFIP TC 6/TC 11 International Conference, CMS 2013, Magdeburg, Germany, September 25-26, 2013. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 66–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Graphical Models.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Rock Gobies Only Need a Minute to Change Color, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/rock-gobies-need-only-minute-change-color/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Technology Assessment: Internet of Things: Status and implications of an increasingly connected world, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2017.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

K. Yasar, Electrified voices: Media technology and discourse in modern Japan, Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Traub, Types of Catastrophe, New York Times (2016) BR12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Graphical Models
Abbreviation	Graph. Models
ISSN (print)	1524-0703
Scope	Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Software Geometry and Topology Modelling and Simulation