How to format your references using the GPS Solutions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for GPS Solutions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Donnelly P (2008) Progress and challenges in genome-wide association studies in humans. Nature 456(7223):728–731

A journal article with 2 authors

Calabrese EJ, Baldwin LA (2003) Toxicology rethinks its central belief. Nature 421(6924):691–692

A journal article with 3 authors

Shaw SL, Kamyar R, Ehrhardt DW (2003) Sustained microtubule treadmilling in Arabidopsis cortical arrays. Science 300(5626):1715–1718

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Rohwer T, Hellmann S, Wiesenmayer M, Sohrt C, Stange A, Slomski B, Carr A, Liu Y, Avila LM, Kalläne M, Mathias S, Kipp L, Rossnagel K, Bauer M (2011) Collapse of long-range charge order tracked by time-resolved photoemission at high momenta. Nature 471(7339):490–493

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rosier JA, Martens MA, Thomas JR (2014) Global New Drug Development. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

McCown D (2010) Teaching Mindfulness: A Practical Guide for Clinicians and Educators. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Jones JM, Lea-Langton AR, Ma L, Pourkashanian M, Williams A (2014) Emissions from Different Types of Combustors and Their Control. In: Lea-Langton AR, Ma L, Pourkashanian M, Williams A (eds) Pollutants Generated by the Combustion of Solid Biomass Fuels. Springer, London, pp 63–70

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for GPS Solutions.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Brain Scans Can Now Detect If You’re In Love. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/brain-scans-reveal-activity-associated-romantic-love/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016) Emergency Management: Improved Federal Coordination Could Better Assist K-12 Schools Prepare for Emergencies. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Watts KS (2008) The Effectiveness of a Social Story Intervention in Decreasing Disruptive Behavior in Autistic Children. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2008) Filling the Child Care Breach. New York Times NJ3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Donnelly 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Calabrese and Baldwin 2003; Donnelly 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Calabrese and Baldwin 2003)
Three or more authors: (Rohwer et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	GPS Solutions
Abbreviation	GPS Solut.
ISSN (print)	1080-5370
ISSN (online)	1521-1886
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences