How to format your references using the GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buchenau J. Global Darwin: Multicultural mergers. Nature. 2009 Nov 19;462(7271):284–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Berndt A, Deisseroth K. OPTOGENETICS. Expanding the optogenetics toolkit. Science. 2015 Aug 7;349(6248):590–1.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kühlbrandt W, Zeelen J, Dietrich J. Structure, mechanism, and regulation of the Neurospora plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Science. 2002 Sep 6;297(5587):1692–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wang H, Lin S, Allen JP, Williams JC, Blankert S, Laser C, et al. Protein dynamics control the kinetics of initial electron transfer in photosynthesis. Science. 2007 May 4;316(5825):747–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ginena K, Hamid A. Foundations of Sharī‘ah Governance of Islamic Banks. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Harrod RP. Bioarchaeology of Climate Change and Violence: Ethical Considerations. Martin DL, editor. New York, NY: Springer; 2014. XV, 75 p. 12 illus. (SpringerBriefs in Anthropology).

A chapter in an edited book

Nawrocki J, Ochodek M, Jurkiewicz J, Kopczyńska S, Alchimowicz B. Agile Requirements Engineering: A Research Perspective. In: Geffert V, Preneel B, Rovan B, Štuller J, Tjoa AM, editors. SOFSEM 2014: Theory and Practice of Computer Science: 40th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, Nový Smokovec, Slovakia, January 26-29, 2014, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 40–51. (Hutchison D, Kanade T, Kittler J, Kleinberg JM, Mattern F, Mitchell JC, et al., editors. Lecture Notes in Computer Science).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Ancient Viral DNA Necessary For Pluripotency in Embryonic Stem Cells. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/ancient-viral-dna-necessary-pluripotency-embryonic-stem-cells/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Communications Commission Can Further Improve Its Licensing Activities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983 Apr. Report No.: RCED-83-90.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Harper T. Going public, staying private, and everything in between [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stellin S. Security Check Now Starts Long Before You Fly. New York Times. 2013 Oct 22;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information
ISSN (print)	1865-066X
Scope