How to format your references using the GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Russo E. The birth of biotechnology. Nature 2003; 421:456–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pokrovski GS, Dubrovinsky LS. The S3- ion is stable in geological fluids at elevated temperatures and pressures. Science 2011; 331:1052–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

d’Aignaux JN, Cousens SN, Smith PG. Predictability of the UK variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease epidemic. Science 2001; 294:1729–31.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Zhang F, Zhang Y, Ding J, Dai K, van Loosdrecht MCM, Zeng RJ. Stable acetate production in extreme-thermophilic (70°C) mixed culture fermentation by selective enrichment of hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5268.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gwynne A. Guide to Building Control. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2013.

An edited book

Baudenbacher C, editor. The Handbook of EEA Law. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Fisher CT. Agricultural Intensification in the Lake Pátzcuaro Basin. In: Thurston TL, Fisher CT, editors. Seeking a Richer Harvest: The Archaeology of Subsistence Intensification, Innovation, and Change. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2007. page 91–106.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain.

Blog post

Luntz S. Forty-Hour Week Is An Hour Too Long For Your Health [Internet]. IFLScience2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fortyhour-week-is-an-hour-too-long-for-your-health/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Surface Transportation: Regional Distribution of Federal Highway Funds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Baggio BG. Integrating social software into blended -learning courses: A Delphi study of instructional -design processes. 2008;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mueller B, Baker AL. Police Officer Is ‘Murdered for Her Uniform’ at Post in the Bronx. New York Times2017; :A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain
Abbreviation	GM Crops
ISSN (print)	1938-1999
ISSN (online)	1938-2006
Scope	General Medicine