How to format your references using the GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bohannon J. The Gonzo Scientist. Calling all dancing scientists! Science 2008; 322:186.

A journal article with 2 authors

Braine J, Herpin F. Molecular hydrogen beyond the optical edge of an isolated spiral galaxy. Nature 2004; 432:369–71.

A journal article with 3 authors

Santos MD, Dorogovtsev SN, Mendes JFF. Biased imitation in coupled evolutionary games in interdependent networks. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4436.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

O’Donovan P, Perrett CM, Zhang X, Montaner B, Xu Y-Z, Harwood CA, McGregor JM, Walker SL, Hanaoka F, Karran P. Azathioprine and UVA light generate mutagenic oxidative DNA damage. Science 2005; 309:1871–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eggert H, Kauschke W. Structural Bearings. Berlin, Germany: Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG; 2012.

An edited book

Nickerson CA, Schurr MJ, editors. Molecular Paradigms of Infectious Disease: A Bacterial Perspective. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Phan TN, Küng J, Dang TK. An Efficient Similarity Search in Large Data Collections with MapReduce. In: Dang TK, Wagner R, Neuhold E, Takizawa M, Küng J, Thoai N, editors. Future Data and Security Engineering: First International Conference, FDSE 2014, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, November 19-21, 2014, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. page 44–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Two Nearby Earth-Sized Exoplanets Confirmed To Be Rocky. IFLScience2016;

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. GPS: Actions Needed to Address Ground System Development Problems and User Equipment Production Readiness. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2015.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cong M. A Comparative Analysis of Acculturative Stress Among Mainland Chinese and Taiwanese International Students at a Hispanic Serving University. 2017;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear MD, Nixon R. Ban on Travel Will Be Replaced With New Schedule of Targeted Restrictions. New York Times2017; :A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	GM Crops and Food: Biotechnology in Agriculture and the Food Chain
Abbreviation	GM Crops
ISSN (print)	1938-1999
ISSN (online)	1938-2006
Scope	General Medicine