How to format your references using the Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Poulin, P. (2005). Chemistry. New gels for mixing immiscible liquids. Science (New York, N.Y.), 309(5744), 2174–2175.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wolf, E. T., & Toon, O. B. (2010). Fractal organic hazes provided an ultraviolet shield for early Earth. Science (New York, N.Y.), 328(5983), 1266–1268.

A journal article with 3 authors

Makarieva, A. M., Gorshkov, V. G., & Li, B.-L. (2009). Comment on “Energy uptake and allocation during ontogeny.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5945), 1206; author reply 1206.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Shapiro, M. D., Marks, M. E., Peichel, C. L., Blackman, B. K., Nereng, K. S., Jónsson, B., et al. (2004). Genetic and developmental basis of evolutionary pelvic reduction in threespine sticklebacks. Nature, 428(6984), 717–723.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Walker, M. (2013). Happy-People-Pills For All. Oxford, UK: Wiley Blackwell.

An edited book

Thalheim, B., Schewe, K.-D., Prinz, A., & Buchberger, B. (Eds.). (2015). Correct Software in Web Applications and Web Services. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

King, D., Fitridge, R., Walsh, J., & Coventry, B. J. (2014). Venous Surgery. In B. J. Coventry (Ed.), Cardio-Thoracic, Vascular, Renal and Transplant Surgery (pp. 59–71). London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, June 23). Jaw-Bone Discovery Reveals More About Secret Sex Lives Of Neanderthals And Early Humans. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1997). Health, Education and Human Services Information Systems Issue Area--Active Assignments (No. AA-97-29(1)). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Becker, L. A. (2010). Noncredit to credit transitions: The role of cultural capital and habitus for adult immigrant learners in the community college (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, J. (2016, July 24). Books by Amie Barrodale, Joy Williams, Hubert Mingarelli and Rikki Ducornet. New York Times, p. C4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Poulin 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Poulin 2005; Wolf and Toon 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wolf and Toon 2010)
Three or more authors: (Shapiro et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management
Abbreviation	Glob. J. Flex. Syst. Manag.
ISSN (print)	0972-2696
ISSN (online)	0974-0198
Scope	Business and International Management Strategy and Management