How to format your references using the Geriatric Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geriatric Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fry DP. Life without war. Science. 2012;336(6083):879-884.

A journal article with 2 authors

Weissleder R, Pittet MJ. Imaging in the era of molecular oncology. Nature. 2008;452(7187):580-589.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zylka MJ, Philpot BD, King IF. Zylka et al. reply. Nature. 2014;512(7512):E2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Li H, Tsang CK, Watkins M, Bertram PG, Zheng XFS. Nutrient regulates Tor1 nuclear localization and association with rDNA promoter. Nature. 2006;442(7106):1058-1061.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nölte J. ICP Emissionsspektrometrie Für Praktiker. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Bhattacharya N, Stubblefield PG, eds. Human Fetal Growth and Development: First and Second Trimesters. Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Post A, Hoenicke J, Podelski A. rt-Inconsistency: A New Property for Real-Time Requirements. In: Giannakopoulou D, Orejas F, eds. Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering: 14th International Conference, FASE 2011, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2011, Saarbrücken, Germany, March 26–April 3, 2011. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2011:34-49.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geriatric Nursing.

Blog post

Hale T. Students Have Developed An Electirc Wheelchair That Can Climb Stairs. IFLScience. October 20, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/students-help-create-stair-climbing-wheelchair/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. [Comments on Sequesterability of Railroad Supplemental Annuity Pension Fund]. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nguyen J. Adherence to Medications among Vietnamese Americans 65 Years of Age and Older. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J. Shift at ‘CBS Evening News’ Breaks With Smooth Routine. New York Times. May 31, 2017:B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Geriatric Nursing
Abbreviation	Geriatr. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	0197-4572
Scope	Gerontology