How to format your references using the Geothermics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geothermics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stella, N., 2012. Neuroscience. Inflammation to rebuild a brain. Science 338, 1303–1304.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kimmins, S., Sassone-Corsi, P., 2005. Chromatin remodelling and epigenetic features of germ cells. Nature 434, 583–589.

A journal article with 3 authors

Katz, S.L., Syme, D.A., Shadwick, R.E., 2001. High-speed swimming. Enhanced power in yellowfin tuna. Nature 410, 770–771.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Velliste, M., Perel, S., Spalding, M.C., Whitford, A.S., Schwartz, A.B., 2008. Cortical control of a prosthetic arm for self-feeding. Nature 453, 1098–1101.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Frank, W.L., Whittle, D.K., 2010. Revalidating Process Hazard Analyses. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Gervasi, O., Murgante, B., Misra, S., Rocha, A.M.A.C., Torre, C.M., Taniar, D., Apduhan, B.O., Stankova, E., Wang, S. (Eds.), 2016. Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2016: 16th International Conference, Beijing, China, July 4-7, 2016, Proceedings, Part I, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Herout, A., Dubská, M., Havel, J., 2013. Vanishing Points, Parallel Lines, Grids, in: Dubská, M., Havel, Jiří (Eds.), Real-Time Detection of Lines and Grids: By PClines and Other Approaches, SpringerBriefs in Computer Science. Springer, London, pp. 41–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geothermics.

Blog post

Andrew, D., 2016. New Estimate Suggests A Quarter Of The World’s Population Has Latent Tuberculosis [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-estimate-suggests-a-quarter-of-the-worlds-population-has-latent-tuberculosis/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1975. Contractors’ Independent Research and Development (No. 094624). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Avila, R., 2017. Support and Resources for Homeless Families: A Grant Proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear, M.D., Nixon, R., 2017. Vetting Is Little Changed Since Calls for Travel Ban. New York Times A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stella, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Kimmins and Sassone-Corsi, 2005; Stella, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kimmins and Sassone-Corsi, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Velliste et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geothermics
Abbreviation	Geothermics
ISSN (print)	0375-6505
Scope	Geology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment