How to format your references using the Geothermics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geothermics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hendler, J., 2003. Communication. Science and the semantic web. Science 299, 520–521.

A journal article with 2 authors

Phillips-Silver, J., Trainor, L.J., 2005. Feeling the beat: movement influences infant rhythm perception. Science 308, 1430.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gupta, A., Zadafiya, P., Mahalakshmi, R., 2014. Differential contribution of tryptophans to the folding and stability of the attachment invasion locus transmembrane β-barrel from Yersinia pestis. Sci. Rep. 4, 6508.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Conway, J.F., Wikoff, W.R., Cheng, N., Duda, R.L., Hendrix, R.W., Johnson, J.E., Steven, A.C., 2001. Virus maturation involving large subunit rotations and local refolding. Science 292, 744–748.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Esmailzadeh, R., 2016. Broadband Telecommunications Technologies and Management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Yang, G. (Ed.), 2013. Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Communication, Electronics and Automation Engineering, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Fultz, B., Howe, J., 2013. Inelastic Electron Scattering and Spectroscopy, in: Howe, J. (Ed.), Transmission Electron Microscopy and Diffractometry of Materials, Graduate Texts in Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 181–236.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geothermics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Parasite Causes Cannibalism In Shrimp [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/parasite-linked-increase-cannibalism/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1978. Review of Army’s Efforts To Develop TACFIRE (No. LCD-78-116). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Okafor-Dike, L.C., 2008. The effect of leadership on economic development: A case study of Nigeria (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wines, M., 2017. Win for Voting Rights Advocates, but Battles Are Ahead. New York Times A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hendler, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Hendler, 2003; Phillips-Silver and Trainor, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Phillips-Silver and Trainor, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Conway et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geothermics
Abbreviation	Geothermics
ISSN (print)	0375-6505
Scope	Geology Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment