How to format your references using the Geotextiles and Geomembranes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geotextiles and Geomembranes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Desplan, C., 2007. Time to pick the fly’s brain. Nature 450, 173.

A journal article with 2 authors

Milhous, W.K., Weina, P.J., 2010. Plant science. The botanical solution for malaria. Science 327, 279–280.

A journal article with 3 authors

Liu, J., Gong, P., Zhou, X., 2014. The association between romantic relationship status and 5-HT1A gene in young adults. Sci. Rep. 4, 7049.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang, G., Sun, S., Cai, M., Zhang, Y., Li, R., Sun, X., 2013. Porous dendritic platinum nanotubes with extremely high activity and stability for oxygen reduction reaction. Sci. Rep. 3, 1526.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bonneau, D., Fatu, A., Souchet, D., 2014. Internal Combustion Engine Bearings Lubrication in Hydrodynamic Bearings. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Lai, C., Giuliani, A., Semeraro, G. (Eds.), 2014. Distributed Systems and Applications of Information Filtering and Retrieval: DART 2012: Revised and Invited Papers, Studies in Computational Intelligence. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Adkins, W.A., Davidson, M.G., 2012. Linear Constant Coefficient Differential Equations, in: Davidson, M.G. (Ed.), Ordinary Differential Equations, Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 275–329.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geotextiles and Geomembranes.

Blog post

Taub, B., 2016. How Unregulated Hunting Almost Wiped Out Amazonian Species [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Federal Aviation Administration: Financial Management Issues (No. T-AIMD-99-122). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wylie, R.W., 2017. Response to Intervention: A Study of Intervention Programs in Rural Secondary Schools (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M., 2014. Tennessee Set to Drop Tax. New York Times B15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Desplan, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Desplan, 2007; Milhous and Weina, 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Milhous and Weina, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Zhang et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geotextiles and Geomembranes
Abbreviation	Geotextiles Geomembranes
ISSN (print)	0266-1144
Scope	Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology General Materials Science