How to format your references using the Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2005) Cultivating black gold. Nature 433:779

A journal article with 2 authors

Bouziat R, Jabri B (2015) IMMUNOLOGY. Breaching the gut-vascular barrier. Science 350:742–743

A journal article with 3 authors

Schneider T, Bischoff T, Haug GH (2014) Migrations and dynamics of the intertropical convergence zone. Nature 513:45–53

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kamiya D, Banno S, Sasai N, et al (2011) Intrinsic transition of embryonic stem-cell differentiation into neural progenitors. Nature 470:503–509

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Alsop A (2013) Continuing Professional Development in Health and Social Care. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Hoboken, NJ USA

An edited book

Grazioli L, Olivetti L (eds) (2009) Imaging of Urogenital Diseases: A Color Atlas. Springer, Milano

A chapter in an edited book

Shah VP, Williams RL (2014) Importance of In Vitro Drug Release. In: Shah VP, Maibach HI, Jenner J (eds) Topical Drug Bioavailability, Bioequivalence, and Penetration. Springer, New York, NY, pp 61–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) There’s No Evidence Of Any Health Benefits To Eating Your Placenta. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/theres-probably-no-health-benefit-eating-your-placenta/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Higher Education: Federal Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Programs and Related Trends. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lee MY-L (2009) The intellectual origins of Lin Yutang’s cultural internationalism, 1928–1938. Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Branch J (2016) Ready to Jump In If Needed (Not Likely). New York Times D1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2005; Bouziat and Jabri 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bouziat and Jabri 2015)
Three or more authors: (Kamiya et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources
ISSN (print)	2363-8419
ISSN (online)	2363-8427
Scope