How to format your references using the Geological Magazine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geological Magazine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Meyer-Lindenberg, A. 2008. Psychology. Trust me on this. Science (New York, N.Y.) 321(5890), 778–780.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dutton, A. & Lambeck, K. 2012. Ice volume and sea level during the last interglacial. Science (New York, N.Y.) 337(6091), 216–219.

A journal article with 3 authors

Huang, L., Treisman, A. & Pashler, H. 2007. Characterizing the limits of human visual awareness. Science (New York, N.Y.) 317(5839), 823–825.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Hu, Q., Guo, W., Gao, Y., Tang, R. & Li, D. 2014. Molecular cloning and analysis of gonadal expression of Foxl2 in the rice-field eel Monopterus albus. Scientific reports 4, 6884.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Middleton, D. 2012. Non-Gaussian Statistical Communication Theory, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,p.

An edited book

Macintosh, A., Ellis, R. & Allen, T. eds. 2006. Applications and Innovations in Intelligent Systems XIII: Proceedings of AI-2005, the Twenty-fifth SGAI International Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge, UK, December 2005, London: Springer, X, 224 pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Edge, C.S., Barker, C. & Schwiebert, E. 2010. Managing Directory Services. In Beginning Mac OS X Snow Leopard Server: From Solo Install to Enterprise Integration (eds. C. Barker & E. Schwiebert), pp. 101–148. , Berkeley, CA: Apress.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geological Magazine.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. Mercury-Filled Balloon Popped For Science. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1994. Use of Corps Electronic Signature System, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office,p.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Di Giacomo, F.A. 2010. Education amidst transition: The case of Romania. Doctoral dissertation. College Park, MD: University of Maryland, College Park,p.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. 2016. Nationals Take Lead, Then Hand It to Bullpen. New York Times, B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Meyer-Lindenberg, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Meyer-Lindenberg, 2008; Dutton & Lambeck, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dutton & Lambeck, 2012)
Three authors: (Huang, Treisman & Pashler, 2007)
4 or more authors: (Hu et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geological Magazine
Abbreviation	Geol. Mag.
ISSN (print)	0016-7568
ISSN (online)	1469-5081
Scope	Geology