How to format your references using the GeoJournal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for GeoJournal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kane, G. (2011). Particle physics is at a turning point. Nature, 480(7378), 415.

A journal article with 2 authors

Freeman, M. R., & Choi, B. C. (2001). Advances in magnetic microscopy. Science (New York, N.Y.), 294(5546), 1484–1488.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wagner, P. J., Kosnik, M. A., & Lidgard, S. (2006). Abundance distributions imply elevated complexity of post-Paleozoic marine ecosystems. Science (New York, N.Y.), 314(5803), 1289–1292.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Lücke, B., Scherer, M., Kruse, J., Pezzé, L., Deuretzbacher, F., Hyllus, P., et al. (2011). Twin matter waves for interferometry beyond the classical limit. Science (New York, N.Y.), 334(6057), 773–776.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Nomura, S. (2016). Micromechanics with Mathematica. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Jin, H., Rana, O. F., Pan, Y., & Prasanna, V. K. (Eds.). (2007). Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 7th International Conference, ICA3PP 2007, Hangzhou, China, June 11-14, 2007. Proceedings (Vol. 4494). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bartolini, S., Foglia, P., & Prete, C. A. (2011). Eighth MEDEA Workshop. In P. Stenström (Ed.), Transactions on High-Performance Embedded Architectures and Compilers III (pp. 91–92). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for GeoJournal.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, July 31). Polar Bear Shatters Previous Dive Record While Stalking Seals. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/polar-bear-shatters-previous-dive-record-while-hunting-seals/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1989). ADP Planning: SSA’s February 1989 Report on Computer Modernization Is Incomplete (No. IMTEC-89-76). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hofmann, R. (2010). The fascist reflection Japan and Italy, 1919-1950 (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, M. J. O. (2017, June 29). A Madcap Austen, Alfresco. New York Times, p. C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kane 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Freeman and Choi 2001; Kane 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Freeman and Choi 2001)
Three or more authors: (Lücke et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	GeoJournal
Abbreviation	GeoJournal
ISSN (print)	0343-2521
ISSN (online)	1572-9893
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development