How to format your references using the GeoJournal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for GeoJournal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Przeworski, M. (2005). Genetics. Motivating hotspots. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5746), 247–248.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mirabel, I. F., & Rodrigues, I. (2003). Formation of a black hole in the dark. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300(5622), 1119–1120.

A journal article with 3 authors

Whitcome, K. K., Shapiro, L. J., & Lieberman, D. E. (2007). Fetal load and the evolution of lumbar lordosis in bipedal hominins. Nature, 450(7172), 1075–1078.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Sane, S. P., Dieudonné, A., Willis, M. A., & Daniel, T. L. (2007). Antennal mechanosensors mediate flight control in moths. Science (New York, N.Y.), 315(5813), 863–866.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Howe, T. R. (2011). Marriages & Families in the 21st Century. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Löffelhardt, W. (Ed.). (2014). Endosymbiosis. Vienna: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Pestana, E. A., Belak, S., Diallo, A., Crowther, J. R., & Viljoen, G. J. (2010). Disease Diagnosis Using Real-Time PCR Specific Procedures for Important Veterinary Pathogens. In S. Belak, A. Diallo, J. R. Crowther, & G. J. Viljoen (Eds.), Early, rapid and sensitive veterinary molecular diagnostics - real time PCR applications (pp. 73–234). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for GeoJournal.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, January 31). New footage shows unique perspective of Felix Baumgartner’s historic jump. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/new-footage-shows-unique-perspective-felix-baumgartner’s-historic-jump/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2001). Federal Highway Funding by Program and Type of Roadway, With Related Safety Data (No. GAO-01-836R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Westgate, M. (2009). La Boutique Fantasque: A full score edition for wind band (Doctoral dissertation). University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sexton, L. G. (2009, April 3). A Tortured Inheritance. New York Times, p. A29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Przeworski 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Mirabel and Rodrigues 2003; Przeworski 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mirabel and Rodrigues 2003)
Three or more authors: (Sane et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	GeoJournal
Abbreviation	GeoJournal
ISSN (print)	0343-2521
ISSN (online)	1572-9893
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development