How to format your references using the GeoInformatica citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for GeoInformatica. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vernes SC (2014) Genome wide identification of fruitless targets suggests a role in upregulating genes important for neural circuit formation. Sci Rep 4:4412

A journal article with 2 authors

Hagoort P, Levelt WJM (2009) Neuroscience. The speaking brain. Science 326:372–373

A journal article with 3 authors

Debruyne R, Schwarz C, Poinar H (2008) Comment on “Whole-genome shotgun sequencing of mitochondria from ancient hair shafts.” Science 322:857; author reply 857

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Fabrizio P, Pozza F, Pletcher SD, et al (2001) Regulation of longevity and stress resistance by Sch9 in yeast. Science 292:288–290

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kaplan W (1998) Maxima and Minima with Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Scherngell T (2013) The Geography of Networks and R&D Collaborations. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Roth W-M, Goulart MIM, Plakitsi K (2013) Margin|Center. In: Goulart MIM, Plakitsi K (eds) Science Education during Early Childhood: A Cultural-Historical Perspective. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 91–110

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for GeoInformatica.

Blog post

Andrew D (2016) Don’t Shoot The Messenger: How RNA Could Keep Us Young. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/dont-shoot-the-messenger-how-rna-could-keep-us-young/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1982) Issues Concerning the Future Operation of the Space Transportation System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wager L (2009) Racial differences in the relationship between child externalizing and corporal punishment: The role of other discipline strategies. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines GG (2017) Bernie Wrightson, 68, a Comic Book Artist and Swamp Thing Creator. New York Times B6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	GeoInformatica
Abbreviation	Geoinformatica
ISSN (print)	1384-6175
ISSN (online)	1573-7624
Scope	Information Systems Geography, Planning and Development