How to format your references using the Geoheritage citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geoheritage. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bernhard JM (2003) Potential symbionts in bathyal foraminifera. Science 299:861

A journal article with 2 authors

Stephens BB, Keeling RF (2000) The influence of Antarctic sea ice on glacial-interglacial CO2 variations. Nature 404:171–174

A journal article with 3 authors

Kovács ÁM, Téglás E, Endress AD (2010) The social sense: susceptibility to others’ beliefs in human infants and adults. Science 330:1830–1834

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Otto-Bliesner BL, Marshall SJ, Overpeck JT, et al (2006) Simulating Arctic climate warmth and icefield retreat in the last interglaciation. Science 311:1751–1753

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abran A (2015) Software Project Estimation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Pinheiro-Franco JL, Vaccaro AR, Benzel EC, Mayer HM (eds) (2016) Advanced Concepts in Lumbar Degenerative Disk Disease, 1st ed. 2016. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Schnars U, Falldorf C, Watson J, Jüptner W (2015) Digital Holographic Particle Sizing and Microscopy. In: Falldorf C, Watson J, Jüptner W (eds) Digital Holography and Wavefront Sensing: Principles, Techniques and Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 95–119

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geoheritage.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Birds Camouflage Nests Using Matching Colors. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/birds-camouflage-nests-using-matching-colors/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Financial Audit: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Fiscal Year 2004 Management Representation Letter on Its Financial Statements. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

He H (2006) Numerical Simulations of Unsteady Flows in a Pulse Detonation Engine by the Space-Time Conservation Element and Solution Element Method. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines GG (2013) Sharing the Wealth as a Comic Book Goes Hollywood. New York Times BU5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bernhard 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Stephens and Keeling 2000; Bernhard 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stephens and Keeling 2000)
Three or more authors: (Otto-Bliesner et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geoheritage
Abbreviation	Geoheritage
ISSN (print)	1867-2477
ISSN (online)	1867-2485
Scope	Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Nature and Landscape Conservation Geography, Planning and Development