How to format your references using the Geoforum citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geoforum. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buckingham, S., 2003. Finding your way. Nature 425, 209.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jackson, B.E., McInerney, M.J., 2002. Anaerobic microbial metabolism can proceed close to thermodynamic limits. Nature 415, 454–456.

A journal article with 3 authors

Joughin, I., Smith, B.E., Medley, B., 2014. Marine ice sheet collapse potentially under way for the Thwaites Glacier Basin, West Antarctica. Science 344, 735–738.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Cognet, L., Tsyboulski, D.A., Rocha, J.-D.R., Doyle, C.D., Tour, J.M., Weisman, R.B., 2007. Stepwise quenching of exciton fluorescence in carbon nanotubes by single-molecule reactions. Science 316, 1465–1468.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

J.G. Upton, G., 2016. Categorical Data Analysis by Example. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Frappier, M., Glässer, U., Khurshid, S., Laleau, R., Reeves, S. (Eds.), 2010. Abstract State Machines, Alloy, B and Z: Second International Conference, ABZ 2010, Orford, QC, Canada, February 22-25, 2010. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Wu, T., Liu, J., Tang, X., Gu, M., Gu, Y., Zhou, J., Qu, W., 2016. Syntactic Categorization and Semantic Interpretation of Chinese Nominal Compounds, in: Lin, C.-Y., Xue, N., Zhao, D., Huang, X., Feng, Y. (Eds.), Natural Language Understanding and Intelligent Applications: 5th CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2016, and 24th International Conference on Computer Processing of Oriental Languages, ICCPOL 2016, Kunming, China, December 2–6, 2016, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 51–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geoforum.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. How We Identified Weird And Wonderful ‘Jurassic Platypus’ Dinosaur [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-we-identified-weird-and-wonderful-jurassic-platypus-dinosaur/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1995. [Comments on NASA Employee’s Proposed Work Schedule] (No. B-258316). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Beverley, D., 2014. Golf as a tool for executive leadership development (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(nyt), S.K., 2005. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Long Sentences For Killers Of Liberal Lawmaker. New York Times A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Buckingham, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Buckingham, 2003; Jackson and McInerney, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jackson and McInerney, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Cognet et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geoforum
Abbreviation	Geoforum
ISSN (print)	0016-7185
Scope	Sociology and Political Science