How to format your references using the Genome Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Genome Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Miralda-Escudé J. 2001. Cosmology. Probing matter at the lowest densities. Science 293: 1055–1056.

A journal article with 2 authors

Holme P, Liljeros F. 2014. Birth and death of links control disease spreading in empirical contact networks. Sci Rep 4: 4999.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nahm H-H, Park CH, Kim Y-S. 2014. Bistability of hydrogen in ZnO: origin of doping limit and persistent photoconductivity. Sci Rep 4: 4124.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Li B, Ibrahim M, Ge M, Cui Z, Sun G, Xu F, Kube M. 2014. Transcriptome analysis of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae cultivated in vivo and co-culture with Burkholderia seminalis. Sci Rep 4: 5698.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Frank WL, Whittle DK. 2010. Revalidating Process Hazard Analyses. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Mannion AM, ed. 2006. Carbon and its domestication. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Shi Y, Wu G, Song Z, Shen D. 2012. Dense Deformation Reconstruction via Sparse Coding. In Machine Learning in Medical Imaging: Third International Workshop, MLMI 2012, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2012, Nice, France, October 1, 2012, Revised Selected Papers (eds. F. Wang, D. Shen, P. Yan, and K. Suzuki), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 36–44, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Genome Research.

Blog post

Carpineti A. 2015. How Clean Is The International Space Station? IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-clean-iss/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2002. Mass Transit: Federal Action Could Help Transit Agencies Address Security Challenges. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Porter LA. 2010. Defense Support of Civilian Authorities (DSCA): What emergency managers need to know. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Neuman W. 2014. At Least 3 Die in Collapse of Gold Mine. New York Times, May 2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Miralda-Escudé 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Miralda-Escudé 2001; Holme and Liljeros 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Holme and Liljeros 2014)
Three or more authors: (Li et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Genome Research
Abbreviation	Genome Res.
ISSN (print)	1088-9051
ISSN (online)	1549-5469
Scope	Genetics Genetics(clinical)