How to format your references using the Genome Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Genome Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Pfau T. Atom optics. Continuous progress on atom lasers. Science. 2002;296:2155–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Pardo-de-Santayana M, Macía MJ. Biodiversity: The benefits of traditional knowledge. Nature. 2015;518:487–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Tynan CT, DeMaster DP, Peterson WT. Endangered right whales on the southeastern Bering Sea shelf. Science. 2001;294:1894.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Dan J, Li M, Yang J, Li J, Okuka M, Ye X, et al. Roles for Tbx3 in regulation of two-cell state and telomere elongation in mouse ES cells. Sci Rep. 2013;3:3492.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Center for Chemical Process Safety. Guidelines for Technical Planning for on-site Emergencies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1995.

An edited book

1. Shan M-C, Dayal U, Hsu M, editors. Technologies for E-Services: 5th International Workshop, TES 2004, Toronto, Canada, August 29-30, 2004, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Syme D, Granicz A, Cisternino A. Introducing Imperative Programming. In: Granicz A, Cisternino A, editors. Expert F# 30. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2012. p. 49–79.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Genome Medicine.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Murals Of Pompeii’s Brothel Showcase Sex Lives Of Ancient Romans. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Progress Made at Department of Labor, But Key Systems at Risk. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Sep. Report No.: T-AIMD-98-303.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Jalali Farahani B. Adaptive Digital Calibration Techniques for High Speed, High Resolution Sigma Delta ADCs for Broadband Wireless Applications [Doctoral dissertation]. [Columbus, OH]: Ohio State University; 2005.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly J. I Make G.M.O. Food. Label It. New York Times. 2016 May 16;A23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Genome Medicine
Abbreviation	Genome Med.
ISSN (online)	1756-994X
Scope	Genetics Molecular Biology Molecular Medicine Genetics(clinical)