How to format your references using the Genes and Environment citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Genes and Environment. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Dixon RA. Natural products and plant disease resistance. Nature. 2001;411:843–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Xavier KB, Bassler BL. Interference with AI-2-mediated bacterial cell-cell communication. Nature. 2005;437:750–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Semenov V, Dyadechkin S, Punsly B. Simulations of jets driven by black hole rotation. Science. 2004;305:978–80.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Zhang M, Zuo G, Chen J, Gao Y, Fang H. Aggregated gas molecules: toxic to protein? Sci Rep. 2013;3:1660.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Nappi E, Peskov V. Imaging Gaseous Detectors and Their Applications. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

1. Robila M, editor. Handbook of Family Policies Across the Globe. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Bodea C-N. Project Management Competences Development Using an Ontology-Based e-Learning Platform. In: Lytras MD, Damiani E, Carroll JM, Tennyson RD, Avison D, Naeve A, et al., editors. Visioning and Engineering the Knowledge Society A Web Science Perspective: Second World Summit on the Knowledge Society, WSKS 2009, Chania, Crete, Greece, September 16-18, 2009 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. p. 31–9.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Genes and Environment.

Blog post

1. Andrew D. Japan’s Latest Tsunami Reaction Shows Lessons Learned From Previous Disasters [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/japans-latest-tsunami-reaction-shows-lessons-learned-from-previous-disasters/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Audit by the District of Columbia’s Office of Municipal Audit and Inspection of the Expenditure of Funds by the District of Columbia Public Schools During Fiscal Years 1970 and 1971. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973 Mar. Report No.: B-118638.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Fails JA. Mobile collaboration for young children: Reading and creating stories [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Rutenberg J. How Do You Solve a Problem Like Ben Carson? New York Times. 2015 Mar 17;MM44.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Genes and Environment
Abbreviation	Genes Environ.
ISSN (online)	1880-7062
Scope	Genetics Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Social Psychology