How to format your references using the Gene: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gene: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Harvey, R.P., 2010. Planetary science. Carbonates and Martian climate. Science 329, 400–401.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hossfeld, U., Olsson, L., 2002. Portraits of science. From the modern synthesis to Lysenkoism, and back? Science 297, 55–56.

A journal article with 3 authors

Laubach, M., Wessberg, J., Nicolelis, M.A., 2000. Cortical ensemble activity increasingly predicts behaviour outcomes during learning of a motor task. Nature 405, 567–571.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kato, Y.K., Myers, R.C., Gossard, A.C., Awschalom, D.D., 2004. Observation of the spin Hall effect in semiconductors. Science 306, 1910–1913.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fan, J., 2010. Multiscale Analysis of Deformation and Failure of Materials. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Paige, R.F. (Ed.), 2009. Theory and Practice of Model Transformations: Second International Conference, ICMT 2009, Zurich, Switzerland, June 29-30, 2009. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Casado-Sanz, E., Barco-Laakso, R., Antuña, S., Rodríguez-Merchán, E.C., 2015. Shoulder Surgery in Hemophilia, in: Rodríguez-Merchán, E.C. (Ed.), Joint Surgery in the Adult Patient with Hemophilia. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 37–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gene: X.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2017. Climate Change Is Screwing With The Diet Of Yellowstone’s Grizzly Bears [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/climate-change-is-screwing-with-the-diet-of-yellowstones-grizzly-bears/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1994. Immigrant Education: Federal Funding Has Not Kept Pace With Student Increases (No. T-HEHS-94-146). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Munchel, B.F., 2015. Exploratory Study of Counseling Professionals’ Attitudes Toward Distance Clinical Supervision (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Nir, S.M., 2016. A Gasoline Desert Expands on an Island of Many Cars. New York Times A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Harvey, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Harvey, 2010; Hossfeld and Olsson, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hossfeld and Olsson, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Kato et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Gene: X
ISSN (print)	2590-1583
Scope